核心詞匯

1．The firemen____________(營救)three women from the burning house.

2．He couldn’t help____________(爆發(fa))into tears when he saw his mother again.

3．Unluckily，the house that we talked about is in____________(廢墟)．

4. The soldiers____________(使(shi)陷入困境)their enemies and forced them to give in.

5．I find it hard to____________(判斷)how the election will go.

6．On arriving there，we expressed our____________(祝(zhu)賀)to him on his success.

7．We were____________(震驚)at their terrible working conditions.

8．The umbrella is a poor____________(避身(shen)處(chu))from heavy rain.

9．Thousands of people died in the earthquake，and many children became homeless because of the natural____________(災(zai)難)．

10．On seeing the ____________ scene，the little girl was so ____________ that she burst out crying.(frighten)

11．Mr.Wang couldn’t____________himself clearly when he heard the news，but I could tell from his____________that he was very upset.(express)

12．____________from what he said just now，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often tells a lie，so we should not ____________a man by his appearance.(judge)

1.rescued　2.bursting　3.ruins　4.trapped　5.judge　6.congratulations　7.shocked　8.shelter　9.disaster　10.frightening；frightened　11.express；expression,12.Judging；judge

高頻短語

1．________________　　立刻；馬上

2．________________ 好像；仿佛

3．________________ 結束；終結

4．________________ 嚴重受(shou)損；破敗不堪

5．________________ 掘出；發(fa)現

6．________________ 許(xu)多；大量(liang)的

7．________________ 刮走

8．________________ 代(dai)替；而不是

9．________________ 陷(xian)入

10．________________ 埋(mai)頭于

1.right away　2.as if　3.at an end　4.in ruins　5.dig out 6.a(great)number of　7.blow away　8.instead of　9.be trapped in　10.be buried in

重點句式

1．________________the world was at an end!

仿佛到了世界末日！

2．Thousands of families were killed and many children________________.

成千上萬的(de)家庭被毀，許(xu)多孩子成了孤兒(er)。

3．____________people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

死傷人數達到40多萬。

4．____________they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

人(ren)們無論朝哪里看(kan)，哪里的(de)一切都幾乎被毀了。

5．____________hope was____________lost.

不是(shi)所有的(de)希(xi)望都破滅了。

6．The army organized teams to____________were trapped and to bury__________.

解放軍組(zu)成小分隊(dui)，將(jiang)受困的人(ren)們(men)挖出(chu)來，并(bing)將(jiang)死者掩埋。

知識詳解

1.It seemed as if　2.were left without parents　3.The number of　4.Everywhere　5.All；not　6.dig out those who；the dead

1.burst　vt.& vi.　(使(shi))爆(bao)(bao)裂；(使(shi))裂開；(使(shi))炸開；突然(ran)(ran)出現(xian)；爆(bao)(bao)發　n．　突然(ran)(ran)破裂；爆(bao)(bao)發

(回歸課(ke)本P26)In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.

在市內，有些建筑(zhu)物的水管爆裂(lie)開來。

12

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①(牛津P261)He felt he would burst with anger and shame.

他惱羞成(cheng)怒，都要氣(qi)炸了。

②(牛(niu)津P261)Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.

消防隊員撞開門，把(ba)他們救了出來。

③Scarcely had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she burst out crying/burst into tears.

她一聽(ting)到邁克爾杰克遜死(si)亡的消息，就失聲痛(tong)哭起(qi)來。

[即境活用]　

1．完成句子

(1)他沒敲(qiao)門就闖進房(fang)間。

He ________ ________ ________ ________without knocking at the door.

答案：burst into the room

(2)我(wo)走(zou)了進去，所有的人都突然放聲(sheng)大(da)笑起來。

I walked in and everyone________ ________ ________.

答案：burst out laughing

2.injure　vt.　 損(sun)害；傷害

(回歸(gui)課本P26)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.

他們中有2/3在地震中傷亡。

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①(朗(lang)文P1065)Two men were severely injured trying to save a 5yearold girl from a pit bull.

兩名男子奮力(li)從比特犬(quan)嘴下救出(chu)一名五歲(sui)小女孩時身受重(zhong)傷。

②Your words may injure her pride.

你的話(hua)也許會傷她的自尊。

③The injured were sent to hospital right away.

傷員被立(li)即送(song)往醫院。

[易混辨析]　

wound，injure，hurt，harm

(1)wound一般指外傷(shang)，如槍傷(shang)、刀傷(shang)，尤指戰爭、戰斗(dou)中受傷(shang)。

(2)injure一般指由于意外或(huo)事故造成的損傷，其賓語常為健康、成就(jiu)、容貌(mao)等，強調(diao)功能的損失。

(3)hurt可以(yi)指(zhi)肉(rou)體(ti)上(shang)的(de)傷害(hai)，也可以(yi)指(zhi)精神上(shang)的(de)傷害(hai)，特指(zhi)伴(ban)有疼(teng)痛的(de)肉(rou)體(ti)上(shang)的(de)傷害(hai)；作不及(ji)物動(dong)詞時，是(shi)“痛”的(de)意思。

(4)harm用于肉體或精(jing)神上的傷害均可(ke)，有時(shi)可(ke)指引起(qi)不(bu)安(an)或不(bu)便。

①About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.

②One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.

③What really hurt me was that he never answered my letters.

④Don’t harm your eyes by reading in dim light.

[高效記憶]

[即境活用]　

2．Unfortunately，at least 20 miners were killed,22________and 13 ________ in the coal mine gas explosion.

A．injuring；trapping　

B．injured；trapped

C．injured；trapping

D．injuring；trapped

解析：選B。考查省略(lve)和(he)(he)被動語(yu)態。miners與injure和(he)(he)trap之(zhi)間(jian)都是(shi)被動關(guan)系(xi)，所以句(ju)子要用被動語(yu)態。該句(ju)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)省略(lve)句(ju)，補充完整為(wei)：Unfortunately，at least...,22 miners were injured and 13 miners were trapped in the...。句(ju)意：不(bu)幸的是(shi)，在這起煤礦瓦(wa)斯爆炸中(zhong)，至少有20人(ren)死亡，22人(ren)受傷，13人(ren)被困。

3.ruin　n．[U]　毀(hui)壞(huai)；毀(hui)滅(mie)；崩潰　n．[C](pl.)　廢墟；遺跡　　　　v．　(使(shi))破產(chan)；(使(shi))墮落；毀(hui)滅(mie)

(回歸課本P26)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.

在可怕的15秒內(nei)，一座大城市就成為(wei)一片廢墟。

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①(牛津P1747)That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.

正是這個錯誤斷(duan)送了他(ta)得(de)到那份(fen)工作的機會。

②(牛津P1747)Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.

經年的戰事已經使得這個地區(qu)滿目瘡痍。

③The war brought the country to ruin.

戰爭毀滅(mie)了這個(ge)國家。

[即境活用]　

3．It rained for two weeks on end，completely________our holiday.

A．ruined　　　　　　　　　B．to ruin

C．ruining D．was ruined

解析：選(xuan)C。句意(yi)：大雨連續(xu)不停地下(xia)了(le)兩(liang)周，完(wan)全毀了(le)我們的假期。ruining為現在分詞作狀

語，表結果。

4．________is no wonder that the building is________now；it was so big a fire last night.

A．It；in ruins B．That；in ruins

C．There；in ruins D．It；in ruin

解析(xi)：選A。“It is no wonder that...”是固(gu)定句(ju)

式，表示“難怪……”；be/lay in ruins是(shi)固(gu)定短

語，意(yi)為“成為廢(fei)墟”。

4.bury　vt.　埋葬，掩(yan)埋；隱(yin)藏；使沉(chen)浸，使專心(xin)；插入，刺入

(回(hui)歸課(ke)本P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.

救援(yuan)部(bu)隊組成小分隊，將(jiang)受困(kun)的人們(men)挖出(chu)來，并將(jiang)死(si)者掩埋。

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①(牛(niu)津P262)Their ambitions were finally dead and buried.

他(ta)們的雄心壯志最終被(bei)埋葬了。

②(牛津P262)He buried his face in his hands and wept.

他雙手掩面而泣。

③(牛津P262)Since she left，he’s buried himself in his work.

自從她(ta)走后，他全心(xin)撲在工作上。

④She had learnt to bury her feelings.

她(ta)已經(jing)學會了感(gan)情不外(wai)露。

[即境活用]　

5．他埋頭學習(xi)，不(bu)知道其他人都早已離開(kai)了(le)。

________ ________ ________ ________，he didn’t know that all the others had left.

答案：Buried/Absorbed in his study

5.judge　v．　斷(duan)定；判(pan)(pan)斷(duan)；判(pan)(pan)決

　　 n．　裁判員(yuan)；法官；評(ping)判員(yuan)

(回歸課本P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.

五個(ge)裁判聽(ting)了(le)你的演講，他們(men)都同意(yi)這是今年最好的演講。

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①(牛津P1098)Don’t judge a book by its cover.

勿以貌取人。

②(牛津P1098)Judging by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.

從她上封信看，他們(men)過得非常愉(yu)快。

③(牛津P1098)As far as I can judge，all of them are to blame.

依我看，他們都(dou)應承擔責任。

【溫馨(xin)提示】　judging from/by表示“從……上看，根據……來判斷”，用(yong)在句(ju)首時，為(wei)一個獨立成分(fen)，不受句(ju)子主語和時態影響，只用(yong)現在分(fen)詞(ci)作狀語，而不采用(yong)過去(qu)分(fen)詞(ci)的形式。

[即境活用]　

6．I haven’t read all of his books before，but________from the one I have read，I think he’s a very promising writer.

A．judged　　　　　　　　B．judging

C．determining D．determined

解析：選B。judging from...是(shi)固定短語(yu)，常在句中作狀語(yu)。不管它與主語(yu)是(shi)主動還是(shi)被動關系，都要用judging from形(xing)式。

7．I shall make my own________on this matter when I see the result.

A．justice B．judgement

C．intention D．conclusion

解析(xi)：選B。“作出判斷”用make one’s judgement。justice公正，公平；intention打算，意(yi)圖；conclusion結論，常(chang)和動詞draw，reach，arrive at，come to等搭配。

6.at an end　結(jie)束(shu)；終結(jie)

(回歸課本P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end!

仿佛到了世界末日！

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.

我到達會議室時，會議快要(yao)結束了。

②By the end of last year，he had learned two thousand English words.

到去年年底為止，他已(yi)學了2000個英(ying)語單詞。

③They decided to put an end to the quarrel.

他們決定結束爭吵。

④Being out of work and having two young children，they found it impossible to make ends meet.他們失業了(le)，還要養活(huo)兩(liang)個小孩，他們發(fa)現無法維(wei)持起碼(ma)的生活(huo)。

[即境活用]　

8．I’m sorry to say that our food is almost________.We can’t survive if there is no one to help us.

A．by the end　　　　　　 B．at the end

C．in the end D．at an end

解(jie)析：選D。考(kao)查介詞短語(yu)辨析。by the end到……為(wei)止；at the end在……盡頭；in the end最(zui)后，終(zhong)于(yu)；at an end結(jie)束，終(zhong)結(jie)。句(ju)意：我很遺憾(han)地說(shuo)我們的食物快沒(mei)(mei)了(le)(le)。如(ru)果(guo)沒(mei)(mei)人(ren)來幫助我們，我們就無法(fa)生(sheng)存了(le)(le)。

7.a number of　許多，大量的

(回歸課本P27)Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.

那么多的人喪生是因為(wei)地震發生時人們正在睡覺。

[歸納拓展]

[例句探源]　

①(牛津P1367)A large number of people have applied for the job.許多人(ren)申請了這份工作。

②Helen has a great many friends indeed，but she does not think she has any she can believe in.

海(hai)倫固然有(you)許(xu)多朋友，可(ke)(ke)是(shi)她(ta)認為沒有(you)一(yi)個是(shi)可(ke)(ke)以信任的。

③The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.

大城市里大量豐富的食品給這個來自小山(shan)村(cun)的窮苦的女孩留下了深刻的印象。

[易混辨析]　

the number of，a number of

(1)a number of...許多；大量的，后接(jie)可數(shu)名詞，在句中作主語(yu)時(shi)，謂語(yu)動詞用復數(shu)形式。

(2)the number of...……的(de)數目，后(hou)接(jie)可數名(ming)詞，在句(ju)中作主語時，謂(wei)語動詞用單數形式(shi)。

①The number of homeless people has increased dramatically.

②A number of students want to go to college when they finish middle school.

[即境活用]　

9．As you can see，the number of cars on our roads________rising these days.

A．was keeping　　　　　　B．keep

C．keeps D．were keeping

解(jie)析：選(xuan)C。句(ju)意：正如你所(suo)見，目前道路(lu)上汽車的(de)數量在不斷增加。the number of作(zuo)主語時，謂語動詞用單數，可排除B、D；再根據時間狀語these days可知描述的(de)是現(xian)在的(de)情況，所(suo)以選(xuan)C。

句型梳理

1【教材原句】　It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26)

仿佛到了世界末日！

【句(ju)法分析(xi)】　as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”可(ke)用(yong)來引(yin)導(dao)表語從(cong)句(ju)和方式狀語從(cong)句(ju)。

如果所引導的(de)(de)(de)從句表示的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)是(shi)(shi)真(zhen)實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)或是(shi)(shi)極有可能發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)時(shi)，句子要用(yong)陳(chen)述語(yu)氣；當說話人所陳(chen)述的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)不真(zhen)實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)或極少可能發(fa)生或存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)時(shi)，從句用(yong)虛擬語(yu)氣。

①He kept working as if nothing had happened.

他繼續工(gong)作(zuo)，仿佛(fo)什么(me)都沒有發(fa)生似的(de)。

②When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water，it looks as if it were broken.

當把鉛筆的一部分放進(jin)水里(li)時，它看上去好像斷(duan)了(le)。

③It looks as if it is going to rain.

看起來似乎要下雨。

【溫馨(xin)提示】　如果as if引導的從(cong)句(ju)中的主(zhu)語(yu)和主(zhu)句(ju)的主(zhu)語(yu)相(xiang)同，且(qie)含有be動(dong)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)，可省(sheng)略主(zhu)語(yu)和be動(dong)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)，這(zhe)樣(yang)as if后就只(zhi)剩下名詞(ci)(ci)(ci)、不定式、形容詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(短語(yu))、介詞(ci)(ci)(ci)短語(yu)或(huo)分詞(ci)(ci)(ci)。

④She walked here and there on the playground as if(she was)looking for something.

她在(zai)操場上來(lai)回走，好像在(zai)找什么東西。

⑤The old man was lying on the ground as if(he was)hurt badly.老人躺在地上，好(hao)像傷得(de)很厲害。

⑥He opened his mouth as if to say something.

他張開嘴好像要說什(shen)么。

[即境活用]　

10．Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it________yesterday.

A．was happening B．happens

C．has happened D．happened

解析(xi)：選D。考查虛(xu)擬語(yu)氣。由as if引導的從(cong)句通(tong)常用虛(xu)擬語(yu)氣，再結合前面的remembers可(ke)知與現(xian)在(zai)事(shi)實相反，因此(ci)用一般過去時。故(gu)選D項(xiang)。

2【教(jiao)材(cai)原句(ju)】　All hope was not lost.(P26)

不是所有的希望(wang)都破(po)滅(mie)了。

【句(ju)(ju)法分析】　(1)本(ben)句(ju)(ju)是部(bu)分否定句(ju)(ju)。當否定句(ju)(ju)中(zhong)有(you)不(bu)定代(dai)詞all，both，each和含有(you)every的合成詞時，表部(bu)分否定。

①All my friends do not study well.＝Not all my friends study well.我的朋友(you)并不個個都學(xue)習好。

②Everything is not right.

并非什么都好。

【溫馨提示(shi)】　凡(fan)是具有總括意(yi)義的代詞(ci)(each，everybody，everything等(deng))、形容詞(ci)(complete，whole等(deng))和副詞(ci)(completely，always，altogether等(deng))與否(fou)定(ding)詞(ci)not連用，構(gou)成部分否(fou)定(ding)，表示(shi)“不都(dou)；并非都(dou)”的意(yi)思(si)。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等(deng)表示(shi)否(fou)定(ding)意(yi)義的詞(ci)與謂語一起使用就構(gou)成了全部否(fou)定(ding)。

③(2010年高考天津卷)Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.

我的(de)一生(sheng)中(zhong)，印象最深的(de)就是(shi)第一次參觀(guan)故宮博物館。

④None of us was allowed to go there.

我們(men)全都不讓去那里。

(2)be lost/gone/missing丟了，不在。

⑤With all my money lost/missing/gone，I couldn’t go home.

所有的錢都丟了，我(wo)無(wu)法回家。

⑥When he found his book gone/lost/missing，he was really upset.當他(ta)發(fa)現他(ta)的書(shu)丟了時，他(ta)的確很(hen)傷心。

[即境活用]　

11．(2010年高考江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is________like swimming as a means of keeping fit.

A．something　　　　　　　B．anything

C．nothing D．everything

解(jie)析(xi)：選C。句意：游泳(yong)是我最喜歡的運動。作為(wei)保持健康的方式(shi)，沒有什(shen)么能比得上游泳(yong)了。本題考查不定(ding)代詞。根(gen)據上文(wen)可知(zhi)，空格(ge)處需要一(yi)個表示否定(ding)意義的詞，所(suo)以C為(wei)答(da)案。

12．-Which of the two computer games did you prefer?

-Actually I didn’t like________.

A．both of them B．either of them

C．none of them D．neither of them

解析：選B。考查(cha)代詞。上(shang)文為two computer games，下文則講兩(liang)者(zhe)都不喜歡，none表三者(zhe)及三者(zhe)以上(shang)，可以排除C項(xiang)。not either在此等同(tong)于neither，符合(he)語境(jing)。

13．I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with________.

A．anything B．something

C．everything D．nothing

解析：選C。everything與否定詞連用表(biao)示(shi)部分否定。

（小周）