機(ji)械加工質量影響(xiang)因素及管理論文

　　摘要：隨(sui)著(zhu)現代科學技術(shu)的不斷進(jin)步，制造行業機(ji)械(xie)(xie)化(hua)水平不斷提高。機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管理對生產機(ji)械(xie)(xie)產品性能以(yi)及使用(yong)年限具(ju)有(you)直接(jie)影(ying)響，只有(you)做好機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)管理，才能夠保障機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)以(yi)及機(ji)械(xie)(xie)產品質(zhi)量(liang)。文章(zhang)主要對機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)影(ying)響因(yin)素以(yi)及機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)管理方法(fa)進(jin)行分析。

　　關鍵詞：機械(xie)加工(gong)質量；影響(xiang)因素；管(guan)理(li)措施(shi)

　　隨著現代工(gong)業(ye)技術的(de)(de)不斷發(fa)展與更新，傳統(tong)的(de)(de)手工(gong)作業(ye)逐漸向機械(xie)(xie)化生(sheng)產轉變，尤(you)其在制造行業(ye)。近些年，我國在機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)領域(yu)獲得(de)了一定(ding)的(de)(de)發(fa)展，但是(shi)由于我國對(dui)于機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)技術的(de)(de)發(fa)展時間(jian)短，與西方國家(jia)相比還存(cun)在一定(ding)的(de)(de)差異，并且在實際生(sheng)產過(guo)程中存(cun)在許多問題。只有做好機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中的(de)(de)質量(liang)管理，才(cai)能保障(zhang)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)產品的(de)(de)質量(liang)，確保企業(ye)的(de)(de)經濟(ji)效益。

　　一、機械加工質量的影響因素

　　（一(yi)）切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。在(zai)(zai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)這(zhe)一(yi)問題(ti)主要來源于幾何因(yin)(yin)素與物理學因(yin)(yin)素等，在(zai)(zai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，使用韌(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)極(ji)易(yi)發生(sheng)金屬塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象，同時(shi)導致機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)會更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)。因(yin)(yin)此，在(zai)(zai)韌(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)材(cai)(cai)料切(qie)割時(shi)，為有(you)效(xiao)降(jiang)低切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，提(ti)升(sheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，需(xu)(xu)要在(zai)(zai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之間對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)進行預處(chu)理措施。在(zai)(zai)進行塑形(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)料工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)，切(qie)削(xue)(xue)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)直接影響到機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。當(dang)切(qie)削(xue)(xue)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)達到符合工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)材(cai)(cai)料切(qie)削(xue)(xue)標準時(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)金屬塑性(xing)(xing)出現(xian)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)率就能夠得到有(you)效(xiao)控(kong)制，從而(er)減小切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。在(zai)(zai)控(kong)制切(qie)削(xue)(xue)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，通(tong)過降(jiang)低進給(gei)(gei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)能夠有(you)效(xiao)控(kong)制切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。但是，要注意進給(gei)(gei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制，若進給(gei)(gei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)過少(shao)，容(rong)易(yi)造成切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)提(ti)升(sheng)，因(yin)(yin)此，需(xu)(xu)要嚴格(ge)控(kong)制切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料進給(gei)(gei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，才能夠有(you)效(xiao)控(kong)制切(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)對機(ji)械(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。

　　（二）磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)。通常情(qing)況下(xia)，磨(mo)(mo)(mo)盤上的(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)越(yue)多(duo)，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)上的(de)刻痕也就越(yue)多(duo)，而(er)(er)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)刻痕的(de)等高性對磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)有一定的(de)影響(xiang)(xiang)。工(gong)(gong)件(jian)刻痕的(de)等高性越(yue)高，磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)呈反向(xiang)變(bian)(bian)動。在(zai)機械加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)過(guo)程中，砂(sha)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速(su)會(hui)影響(xiang)(xiang)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)，而(er)(er)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)轉(zhuan)速(su)與磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)的(de)相關性與砂(sha)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速(su)呈相反變(bian)(bian)化(hua)。砂(sha)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速(su)增(zeng)快會(hui)導(dao)致單位時(shi)間內工(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)通過(guo)的(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)數量變(bian)(bian)多(duo)，而(er)(er)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)則減小。與之相反的(de)是工(gong)(gong)件(jian)轉(zhuan)速(su)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)則導(dao)致單位時(shi)間內通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)數量減少(shao)，而(er)(er)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)則增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)。

　　二、機械加工質量管理措施

　　（一）降(jiang)低加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)。為了有效提高(gao)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量，在切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)過程中，優先采用(yong)主(zhu)偏(pian)(pian)角(jiao)與副(fu)偏(pian)(pian)角(jiao)均較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)刀具，同(tong)(tong)時要注(zhu)意潤滑(hua)液的(de)(de)(de)適當應用(yong)。同(tong)(tong)時，采用(yong)科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)控制(zhi)進給量，能(neng)夠有效降(jiang)低機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)。機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)質(zhi)(zhi)量由材料(liao)塑性(xing)(xing)及(ji)金相組(zu)織(zhi)等因(yin)素決定，因(yin)此(ci)，在進行塑形較(jiao)高(gao)材料(liao)制(zhi)成工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，首先需(xu)要對(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進行正火處理(li)，從(cong)(cong)而削(xue)(xue)弱材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)塑性(xing)(xing)，確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)夠符合加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)標準，降(jiang)低機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)。在機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)過程中，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)方(fang)式對(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)造成的(de)(de)(de)影響不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)材料(liao)需(xu)要選擇不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)方(fang)式以及(ji)切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)進量，從(cong)(cong)而保障工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)。此(ci)外，為了降(jiang)低工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)以及(ji)殘留(liu)面(mian)(mian)積高(gao)度(du)，同(tong)(tong)時保證切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)厚(hou)度(du)不(bu)(bu)與工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)出現擠壓(ya)，可以采用(yong)高(gao)速切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)對(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)塑性(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進行機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，從(cong)(cong)而減小工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)粗糙(cao)度(du)。

　　（二）提高工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)層的(de)(de)物理學(xue)性能。在機械加工(gong)的(de)(de)過(guo)程中，滾壓(ya)(ya)是一(yi)種常(chang)用的(de)(de)加工(gong)方式，能夠提高工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)物理學(xue)性能。滾壓(ya)(ya)是指常(chang)溫環境下通(tong)過(guo)精(jing)細研(yan)磨的(de)(de)滾輪對工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)進行擠壓(ya)(ya)，從(cong)而(er)使工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)出現塑(su)性變形，并通(tong)過(guo)將工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)凹凸不平的(de)(de)`地(di)方分(fen)別向上火向下擠壓(ya)(ya)，從(cong)而(er)有效減少機械加工(gong)工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)粗(cu)糙度。

　　三、現代機械加工質量管理現狀

　　（一）基礎設(she)施以及管(guan)理(li)(li)隊伍(wu)水(shui)(shui)平較(jiao)低。由于部分加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)單位支出緊張、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經(jing)費有限(xian)以及辦公條件等方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，大部分機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)單位難以普及使用先進管(guan)理(li)(li)技術(shu)進行機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)，從而導致(zhi)了(le)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)化、現代化水(shui)(shui)平較(jiao)低。此外，大部分機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)人員(yuan)均(jun)為(wei)兼職，除了(le)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)外，還擔任其他方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，導致(zhi)花在機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)精力與(yu)時(shi)間被分割。

　　（二）現代化(hua)(hua)管(guan)理(li)水平較低(di)。由于傳(chuan)統觀念的影響，我國(guo)大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)加工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門仍(reng)存(cun)在(zai)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)加工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作不(bu)合理(li)、不(bu)規(gui)范的現象，個別機(ji)(ji)械(xie)加工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門未能嚴格按照相(xiang)關規(gui)定、程(cheng)序和步驟收(shou)集生產過程(cheng)中(zhong)出現的問(wen)題(ti)，對于設(she)(she)(she)備的養護(hu)(hu)(hu)也存(cun)在(zai)不(bu)認真的現象，若不(bu)對設(she)(she)(she)備進行(xing)養護(hu)(hu)(hu)容易造成設(she)(she)(she)備損壞。此外，由于沒有(you)將(jiang)設(she)(she)(she)備養護(hu)(hu)(hu)資(zi)料歸類(lei)錄入(ru)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)，導致(zhi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)設(she)(she)(she)備養護(hu)(hu)(hu)存(cun)在(zai)缺漏的現象，機(ji)(ji)械(xie)加工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)的信息化(hua)(hua)水平較低(di)。

　　四、提高質量管理在現代機械加工質量管理應用的措施

　　（一）加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理團(tuan)隊素質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)設(she)。質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)核心價(jia)值在(zai)(zai)于其提(ti)升了(le)生產(chan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)效率，其為機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理提(ti)供了(le)現代(dai)化管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理功能(neng)。機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理工(gong)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)專業水(shui)平對(dui)于質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理在(zai)(zai)現代(dai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)應用效果具有(you)重要影響。因此，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理團(tuan)隊素質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)設(she)是質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理在(zai)(zai)現代(dai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理中(zhong)的(de)(de)必然要求。良好的(de)(de)計算機(ji)操作技術以及管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理技能(neng)是現代(dai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)基(ji)本工(gong)作要求，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)作的(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理部門需要注意(yi)的(de)(de)是對(dui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)員進行工(gong)作培訓(xun)(xun)，強化管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)基(ji)礎知(zhi)識(shi)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)采取分層輔導與(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)的(de)(de)方(fang)式，突破傳統的(de)(de)技能(neng)培訓(xun)(xun)方(fang)式，堅持(chi)“以人(ren)(ren)(ren)為本”的(de)(de)原則，既重視設(she)備維(wei)修養護基(ji)礎理論的(de)(de)學習，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)重視員工(gong)的(de)(de)實際(ji)操作配需，在(zai)(zai)不斷的(de)(de)優化中(zhong)提(ti)高(gao)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理團(tuan)隊的(de)(de)素質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，從而改善機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理水(shui)平。

　　（二）提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)軟(ruan)硬(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)基礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)。軟(ruan)、硬(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)是(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)在(zai)現(xian)(xian)代機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)中(zhong)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)載體，在(zai)實際管(guan)理(li)活動(dong)中(zhong)，機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強軟(ruan)硬(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)基礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，從而(er)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)專業(ye)化(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)庫的(de)使用(yong)效率，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)的(de)專業(ye)化(hua)水平。此外(wai)，在(zai)硬(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)基礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)方面(mian)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)的(de)應用(yong)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)以專業(ye)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)為平臺和渠道(dao)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)購入(ru)先(xian)進養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)。先(xian)進養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)技(ji)術是(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內容，從問題收集(ji)到問題處理(li)，都是(shi)應用(yong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)技(ji)術解(jie)決的(de)；在(zai)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)方面(mian)，通過(guo)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)內部(bu)局域網絡(luo)從而(er)實現(xian)(xian)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)以及各硬(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)管(guan)理(li)。此外(wai)，通過(guo)使用(yong)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)對于現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量管(guan)理(li)的(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)也有積極影響，例如使用(yong)Foxtable、Excel等軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)也可(ke)用(yong)于設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)記錄(lu)與儲存。

　　（三）建立規范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。在實際機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)建立規范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)有(you)(you)助于利(li)用現(xian)(xian)(xian)代科(ke)學(xue)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)度取(qu)代傳統(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陋(lou)習(xi)，同時也是質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)在現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)應用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)條件(jian)。機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)部門(men)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)制(zhi)定完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度，并嚴(yan)格規范制(zhi)度運行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各項標準和(he)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，從而(er)建立現(xian)(xian)(xian)代數字化機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與水平。機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)部門(men)還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)培(pei)養機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，并學(xue)習(xi)先(xian)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)念(nian)和(he)思想，從而(er)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人員對質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)習(xi)熱情以及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)積極性。結束語：加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)各種(zhong)各樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式與其他媒體進行(xing)合作(zuo)(zuo)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知名度和(he)競爭力(li)，最大效益發揮資(zi)源，并根(gen)據市場變動迅速調整生(sheng)產目(mu)標，使得加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術具有(you)(you)靈活性，能(neng)夠(gou)滿足生(sheng)產產品調整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。因此，研究機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)影(ying)響(xiang)因素(su)(su)對提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)具有(you)(you)重要(yao)(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)用。文章通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)分(fen)析發現(xian)(xian)(xian)，影(ying)響(xiang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素(su)(su)主要(yao)(yao)包括了切(qie)削加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表面(mian)粗糙(cao)(cao)度以及(ji)磨削加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表面(mian)粗糙(cao)(cao)度，前者(zhe)主要(yao)(yao)是由于切(qie)削機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)因素(su)(su)以及(ji)物理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)學(xue)因素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)；后(hou)者(zhe)主要(yao)(yao)是由于磨削參數等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。而(er)有(you)(you)效解(jie)決上述影(ying)響(xiang)因素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法主要(yao)(yao)是降低加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表面(mian)粗糙(cao)(cao)度以及(ji)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)學(xue)性能(neng)，然后(hou)分(fen)析現(xian)(xian)(xian)代機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)現(xian)(xian)(xian)狀，最后(hou)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出了相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)決措(cuo)施(shi)，旨在提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)我國機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)效率，從而(er)促進我國經濟發展。

　　參考文獻：

　　[1]王(wang)凱(kai)為。淺析機械加工表面質(zhi)量影(ying)響因素[J]。數字化用戶，2013，05：28+33。

　　[2]楚(chu)淑玲，何瑛華(hua)。淺析機械加(jia)工表(biao)面質量的影響因(yin)素[J]。鞍(an)山師(shi)范學院(yuan)學報，2011，02：19—21。

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