1 形態特征
鑒別(bie)特征(zheng):頭中等大;吻(wen)端向(xiang)內側下斜切(qie);喙緣的角質鞘較薄(bo)弱;下顎左右齒(chi)骨間的交角小于90度。背甲具3條縱棱(leng)。
形(xing)(xing)態描(miao)述依(yi)據江蘇、上海、浙江、安徽、湖北、廣(guang)西9雄8雌2幼共(gong)19號標本(ben)描(miao)述。雄性(xing)(xing)背(bei)(bei)(bei)甲長(chang)(chang)94~168mm,寬63.2~105mm;雌性(xing)(xing)背(bei)(bei)(bei)甲長(chang)(chang)73.1~170mm,寬52~116.5mm。頭中(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),頭寬約為(wei)背(bei)(bei)(bei)甲寬的(de)1/4~1/3;頭頂前部(bu)(bu)(bu)平滑,后(hou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)被以多邊(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)細粒狀小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鱗(lin)(lin);吻短,端部(bu)(bu)(bu)略(lve)微超出下顎,并向內側下方斜切;上喙邊(bian)緣(yuan)平直或(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)微凹;鼓膜明(ming)顯。背(bei)(bei)(bei)甲較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)平扁。有3條(tiao)縱棱,雄性(xing)(xing)成體棱弱(ruo)。頸盾(dun)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),略(lve)呈梯(ti)形(xing)(xing),后(hou)緣(yuan)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)寬;椎(zhui)盾(dun)5枚(mei),第(di)(di)一枚(mei)五(wu)邊(bian)形(xing)(xing),寬長(chang)(chang)相等(deng)或(huo)長(chang)(chang)略(lve)大(da)于寬,第(di)(di)二至第(di)(di)四(si)枚(mei)六邊(bian)形(xing)(xing),寬大(da)于長(chang)(chang);肋(lei)盾(dun)4枚(mei),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)相鄰椎(zhui)盾(dun)略(lve)寬或(huo)等(deng)寬;緣(yuan)盾(dun)11對;臀盾(dun)1對,呈矩形(xing)(xing)。背(bei)(bei)(bei)甲盾(dun)片常(chang)(chang)有分裂或(huo)畸(ji)型(xing),致使盾(dun)片數超過(guo)正常(chang)(chang)數目。甲橋明(ming)顯,具(ju)腋(ye)(ye)盾(dun)和胯盾(dun),腋(ye)(ye)盾(dun)的(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)變異殊大(da)。腹(fu)甲平坦,幾與背(bei)(bei)(bei)甲等(deng)長(chang)(chang),前緣(yuan)平截略(lve)向上翹,后(hou)緣(yuan)缺刻較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)深,前寬后(hou)窄;雄性(xing)(xing)腹(fu)甲的(de)后(hou)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)略(lve)凹;喉(hou)盾(dun)近三角形(xing)(xing);肱(gong)盾(dun)外緣(yuan)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang),似呈楔(xie)形(xing)(xing);腹(fu)盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)>股盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)>胸盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)>喉(hou)盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)>肛盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)>肱(gong)盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)。四(si)肢略(lve)扁平。前臂(bei)及掌(zhang)跖(zhi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)有橫列大(da)鱗(lin)(lin);指、趾間(jian)均全蹼,具(ju)爪,尾較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)短小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。
頭(tou)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)一(yi)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)質顴弓;方軛骨(gu)(gu)(gu)與眶(kuang)后(hou)骨(gu)(gu)(gu),軛骨(gu)(gu)(gu)相切接(jie)(jie);頂骨(gu)(gu)(gu)前緣(yuan)平截(jie),后(hou)端延伸(shen)(shen)至上(shang)(shang)枕骨(gu)(gu)(gu)末端;上(shang)(shang)枕骨(gu)(gu)(gu)脊后(hou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)略(lve)為(wei)上(shang)(shang)翹;鱗骨(gu)(gu)(gu)后(hou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)銳(rui)角。上(shang)(shang)顎(e)咀(ju)嚼面中(zhong)(zhong)等(deng),無中(zhong)(zhong)央嵴。骨(gu)(gu)(gu)質內鼻孔位(wei)于(yu)(yu)眼眶(kuang)后(hou)半部(bu)(bu)(bu)的同一(yi)平面上(shang)(shang)。下(xia)顎(e)左右(you)齒骨(gu)(gu)(gu)間(jian)的交(jiao)角小于(yu)(yu)90度;冠狀骨(gu)(gu)(gu)與下(xia)顎(e)長之比為(wei)1:2.8。椎板(ban)(ban)(ban)8枚,略(lve)呈六邊形,有(you)的幾(ji)(ji)(ji)呈矩(ju)形;肋板(ban)(ban)(ban)8對(dui);緣(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)11對(dui)。腹(fu)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)與背甲(jia)(jia)(jia)以骨(gu)(gu)(gu)縫(feng)(feng)連接(jie)(jie),甲(jia)(jia)(jia)橋弱(ruo)。有(you)較發(fa)達(da)的腋(ye)柱和胯(kua)柱,向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)仲達(da)肋板(ban)(ban)(ban)外(wai)緣(yuan);肱胸(xiong)盾(dun)縫(feng)(feng)橫切于(yu)(yu)內腹(fu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)后(hou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)1/4或更少。生活(huo)時,背甲(jia)(jia)(jia)棕(zong)褐色(se),雄(xiong)性(xing)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)近(jin)黑色(se)。腹(fu)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)及甲(jia)(jia)(jia)橋棕(zong)黃色(se),雄(xiong)性(xing)色(se)深。每一(yi)盾(dun)片均有(you)黑褐色(se)大斑(ban)塊(kuai),有(you)時腹(fu)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)乎(hu)全被黑褐色(se)斑(ban)塊(kuai)所(suo)占,僅在縫(feng)(feng)線處呈現(xian)棕(zong)黃色(se)。頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)橄欖色(se)或黑褐色(se);頭(tou)側(ce)及咽喉部(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)暗色(se)鑲邊的黃紋及黃斑(ban),并向(xiang)后(hou)延伸(shen)(shen)至頸部(bu)(bu)(bu),雄(xiong)性(xing)不(bu)明顯(xian)。四肢灰(hui)褐色(se)。雄(xiong)龜有(you)異臭。染色(se)體數(shu)2n=52。