明史列傳的原文

　　王守仁，字伯安，余姚人。父華(hua)，字德輝，成化十七年進士第一(yi)。授(shou)修撰。弘治中，累官學(xue)士、少(shao)詹事。華(hua)有(you)器度，在講(jiang)幄最久，孝(xiao)宗甚眷之。李廣貴(gui)幸，華(hua)講(jiang)《大學(xue)衍義》，至唐李輔國與張(zhang)后表里用(yong)事，指陳甚切。帝(di)命中官賜(si)食(shi)勞焉。正(zheng)德初，進禮(li)部(bu)左侍郎。以守仁忤劉瑾(jin)，出為南京吏部(bu)尚書，坐事罷。旋以《會典(dian)》小誤，降右侍郎。瑾(jin)敗(bai)，乃(nai)復故(gu)，無何(he)卒(zu)。華(hua)性孝(xiao)，母(mu)岑年逾百歲卒(zu)。華(hua)已年七十余，猶寢苫蔬食(shi)，士論多之。

　　守仁娠十四月而生。祖母夢神(shen)人(ren)自云中(zhong)(zhong)送兒下(xia)，因(yin)名云。五(wu)(wu)歲不能言(yan)，異人(ren)拊之(zhi)，更名守仁，乃言(yan)。年(nian)十五(wu)(wu)，訪客居庸、山(shan)海關。時闌(lan)出塞(sai)，縱(zong)觀山(shan)川(chuan)形(xing)勝。弱冠舉鄉試，學大(da)進。顧(gu)益好言(yan)兵，且善射。登(deng)弘治十二年(nian)進士。使治前威寧伯王越葬(zang)，還而朝議方急西北(bei)邊(bian)，守仁條八事(shi)上之(zhi)。尋(xun)授(shou)刑(xing)部(bu)主(zhu)事(shi)。決(jue)囚江北(bei)，引疾(ji)歸。起補兵部(bu)主(zhu)事(shi)。正(zheng)德(de)元年(nian)冬，劉瑾逮南(nan)(nan)京(jing)給事(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)御史戴銑(xian)等二十余人(ren)。守仁抗章救(jiu)，瑾怒，廷杖四十，謫(zhe)貴州龍場(chang)(chang)驛丞。龍場(chang)(chang)萬山(shan)叢薄，苗、僚雜居。守仁因(yin)俗化導，夷人(ren)喜，相率伐木(mu)為屋，以棲守仁。瑾誅(zhu)，量移廬陵知縣。入(ru)覲(jin)，遷(qian)南(nan)(nan)京(jing)刑(xing)部(bu)主(zhu)事(shi)，吏部(bu)尚(shang)書楊一清改之(zhi)驗封。屢遷(qian)考(kao)功郎中(zhong)(zhong)，擢南(nan)(nan)京(jing)太仆少卿(qing)，就遷(qian)鴻臚卿(qing)。

　　兵(bing)部尚書(shu)王(wang)瓊(qiong)素奇守仁(ren)才。十(shi)一年八月(yue)擢右(you)僉都御史，巡(xun)撫(fu)南(nan)、贛。當(dang)是時，南(nan)中盜(dao)賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)蜂起(qi)。謝志山(shan)據(ju)(ju)橫水、左(zuo)溪、桶岡，池(chi)仲容據(ju)(ju)浰頭，皆稱王(wang)，與大庾(yu)(yu)陳曰能、樂昌(chang)高快馬、郴州(zhou)龔福全等攻剽府縣(xian)。而福建大帽(mao)(mao)山(shan)賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)詹師(shi)富等又起(qi)。前巡(xun)撫(fu)文(wen)森托疾避去。志山(shan)合樂昌(chang)賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)掠大庾(yu)(yu)，攻南(nan)康、贛州(zhou)，贛縣(xian)主簿吳玭戰(zhan)死。守仁(ren)至(zhi)，知左(zuo)右(you)多(duo)賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)耳目(mu)，乃呼老黠隸詰(jie)之(zhi)。隸戰(zhan)栗不敢隱，因(yin)貰其罪(zui)，令填賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)，賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)動(dong)靜(jing)無勿知。于(yu)是檄福建、廣東會(hui)兵(bing)，先討大帽(mao)(mao)山(shan)賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)。明年正月(yue)，督副使(shi)楊璋等破賊(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)(zei)長(chang)富村(cun)，逼之(zhi)象湖山(shan)，指(zhi)揮覃桓、縣(xian)丞紀鏞戰(zhan)死。守仁(ren)親率銳卒屯上杭。佯(yang)退師(shi)，出不意搗(dao)之(zhi)，連破四(si)十(shi)余寨，俘(fu)斬(zhan)七千有(you)奇，指(zhi)揮王(wang)鎧等擒師(shi)富。疏言權輕(qing)，無以令將士(shi)，請給旗牌，提(ti)督軍務(wu)，得便宜從事。尚書(shu)王(wang)瓊(qiong)奏從其請。乃更(geng)兵(bing)制：二(er)十(shi)五人(ren)為(wei)(wei)伍(wu)，伍(wu)有(you)小甲；二(er)伍(wu)為(wei)(wei)隊，隊有(you)總甲；四(si)隊為(wei)(wei)哨，哨有(you)長(chang)，協哨二(er)佐之(zhi)；二(er)哨為(wei)(wei)營(ying)(ying)，營(ying)(ying)有(you)官，參謀二(er)佐之(zhi)；三營(ying)(ying)為(wei)(wei)陣，陣有(you)偏將；二(er)陣為(wei)(wei)軍，軍有(you)副將。皆臨事委，不命于(yu)朝；副將以下，得遞相罰治。

　　其(qi)年(nian)七月(yue)進兵(bing)大(da)庾。志(zhi)山乘間急攻南安，知(zhi)府(fu)季(ji)斅擊敗之(zhi)。副(fu)使楊璋等(deng)亦(yi)生縶(zhi)曰能以(yi)歸。遂議討橫(heng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)溪(xi)(xi)。十月(yue)，都指(zhi)揮許清、贛州(zhou)(zhou)知(zhi)府(fu)邢珣、寧都知(zhi)縣王天與(yu)各一軍(jun)會橫(heng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，斅及(ji)(ji)守(shou)(shou)備郟文、汀州(zhou)(zhou)知(zhi)府(fu)唐淳(chun)、縣丞(cheng)舒富各一軍(jun)會左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)溪(xi)(xi)，吉安知(zhi)府(fu)伍文定(ding)、程鄉知(zhi)縣張(zhang)戩(jian)遏其(qi)奔(ben)軼。守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)自駐南康，去(qu)橫(heng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)三(san)十里，先遣四百(bai)人伏賊(zei)巢(chao)左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)右(you)，進軍(jun)逼之(zhi)。賊(zei)方(fang)迎戰，兩山舉幟。賊(zei)大(da)驚，謂官軍(jun)已盡犁其(qi)巢(chao)，遂潰。乘勝克(ke)橫(heng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，志(zhi)山及(ji)(ji)其(qi)黨蕭貴(gui)模等(deng)皆走桶岡(gang)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)溪(xi)(xi)亦(yi)破(po)。守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)以(yi)桶岡(gang)險(xian)固(gu)，移營近地，諭以(yi)禍福。賊(zei)首藍廷(ting)鳳等(deng)方(fang)震恐，見使至(zhi)大(da)喜，期仲冬朔降，而(er)珣、文定(ding)已冒雨奪險(xian)入。賊(zei)阻水(shui)(shui)(shui)陣，珣直前搏(bo)戰，文定(ding)與(yu)戩(jian)自右(you)出，賊(zei)倉卒敗走，遇淳(chun)兵(bing)又敗。諸軍(jun)破(po)桶岡(gang)，志(zhi)山、貴(gui)模、廷(ting)鳳面縛(fu)降。凡破(po)巢(chao)八十有(you)(you)四，俘斬(zhan)六千有(you)(you)奇。時湖廣巡撫(fu)秦金亦(yi)破(po)福全。其(qi)黨千人突至(zhi)，諸將(jiang)擒斬(zhan)之(zhi)。乃設崇義縣于(yu)橫(heng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，控諸瑤。

　　還(huan)至贛州，議討(tao)浰(li)(li)頭賊(zei)。初，守(shou)(shou)仁之(zhi)平師富也，龍川賊(zei)盧珂(ke)、鄭志高、陳英咸請降。及征橫(heng)(heng)水，浰(li)(li)頭賊(zei)將黃金巢亦以五百人(ren)(ren)降，獨仲容(rong)未下(xia)。橫(heng)(heng)水破，仲容(rong)始遣弟仲安(an)(an)來歸，而(er)嚴為戰(zhan)守(shou)(shou)備(bei)。詭言：“珂(ke)、志高，仇(chou)也，將襲我，故(gu)為備(bei)。”守(shou)(shou)仁佯杖(zhang)系珂(ke)等，而(er)陰使珂(ke)弟集兵待，遂下(xia)令散兵。歲首大張燈(deng)樂(le)，仲容(rong)信且疑(yi)。守(shou)(shou)仁賜以節(jie)物，誘入謝。仲容(rong)率九十三(san)人(ren)(ren)營教場(chang)，而(er)自(zi)以數人(ren)(ren)入謁。守(shou)(shou)仁呵之(zhi)曰：“若皆吾民，屯于(yu)外(wai)，疑(yi)我乎(hu)？”悉(xi)(xi)引入祥符宮，厚飲食之(zhi)。賊(zei)大喜過望，益自(zi)安(an)(an)。守(shou)(shou)仁留(liu)仲容(rong)觀燈(deng)樂(le)。正月三(san)日(ri)大享，伏甲(jia)士(shi)于(yu)門，諸賊(zei)入，以次悉(xi)(xi)擒戮之(zhi)。自(zi)將抵賊(zei)巢，連破上、中、下(xia)三(san)浰(li)(li)，斬(zhan)馘二千有(you)奇。余賊(zei)奔九連山(shan)。山(shan)橫(heng)(heng)亙數百里，陡絕不可攻。乃(nai)簡壯士(shi)七百人(ren)(ren)衣賊(zei)衣，奔崖(ya)下(xia)，賊(zei)招之(zhi)上。官軍進攻，內外(wai)合擊，擒斬(zhan)無遺(yi)。乃(nai)于(yu)下(xia)浰(li)(li)立和(he)平縣，置戍(shu)而(er)歸。自(zi)是境(jing)內大定。

　　初，朝議賊勢強(qiang)，發廣東(dong)、湖(hu)廣兵合剿。守仁(ren)(ren)上(shang)疏止之(zhi)，不及(ji)。桶岡既滅，湖(hu)廣兵始至(zhi)。及(ji)平(ping)浰(li)頭(tou)，廣東(dong)尚未承檄。守仁(ren)(ren)所將皆文吏及(ji)偏裨小(xiao)校，平(ping)數(shu)十(shi)年巨(ju)寇，遠近驚為神。進右副(fu)都御(yu)史，予(yu)世襲錦衣衛百戶，再進副(fu)千(qian)戶。

　　十四年(nian)六月，命勘福建叛軍(jun)。行至(zhi)豐城而寧(ning)(ning)王宸濠(hao)(hao)反(fan)，知(zhi)縣(xian)顧(gu)佖以(yi)(yi)告。守(shou)(shou)仁急(ji)趨吉安(an)(an)，與(yu)伍(wu)文(wen)(wen)定征調兵食，治(zhi)器械舟楫(ji)(ji)，傳(chuan)檄(xi)暴宸濠(hao)(hao)罪(zui)，俾守(shou)(shou)令各(ge)率吏士勤王。都御(yu)史(shi)王懋中(zhong)(zhong)，編修鄒(zou)守(shou)(shou)益(yi)，副(fu)使(shi)羅(luo)(luo)循、羅(luo)(luo)欽德，郎中(zhong)(zhong)曾直(zhi)(zhi)，御(yu)史(shi)張鰲山(shan)、周魯(lu)，評事羅(luo)(luo)僑，同知(zhi)郭(guo)(guo)祥鵬，進士郭(guo)(guo)持(chi)平，降謫(zhe)驛(yi)丞王思、李(li)中(zhong)(zhong)，咸赴守(shou)(shou)仁軍(jun)。御(yu)史(shi)謝源、伍(wu)希儒(ru)自廣(guang)(guang)(guang)東(dong)還，守(shou)(shou)仁留之(zhi)(zhi)紀功(gong)。因集眾(zhong)議曰(yue)(yue)：“賊(zei)若出(chu)長江(jiang)順流(liu)東(dong)下(xia)，則南都不(bu)可保(bao)。吾欲以(yi)(yi)計撓之(zhi)(zhi)，少(shao)遲(chi)旬日無患矣。”乃(nai)多遣(qian)間諜(die)，檄(xi)府縣(xian)言：“都督(du)許泰、郤(xi)永將邊(bian)兵，都督(du)劉暉、桂勇將京兵，各(ge)四萬(wan)(wan)，水陸并進。南贛(gan)王守(shou)(shou)仁、湖廣(guang)(guang)(guang)秦金、兩(liang)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)楊旦(dan)各(ge)率所部合十六萬(wan)(wan)，直(zhi)(zhi)搗南昌，所至(zhi)有司缺供者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)軍(jun)法論。”又為蠟書遺偽相李(li)士實(shi)、劉養(yang)正，敘其(qi)歸國之(zhi)(zhi)誠，令從臾早發兵東(dong)下(xia)，而縱諜(die)泄之(zhi)(zhi)。宸濠(hao)(hao)果疑。與(yu)士實(shi)、養(yang)正謀(mou)，則皆勸(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)疾趨南京即大位(wei)，宸濠(hao)(hao)益(yi)大疑。十余(yu)日诇知(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)外兵不(bu)至(zhi)，乃(nai)悟守(shou)(shou)仁紿之(zhi)(zhi)。七月壬辰朔，留宜春(chun)王拱嵒居(ju)守(shou)(shou)，而劫(jie)其(qi)眾(zhong)六萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，襲下(xia)九江(jiang)、南康(kang)，出(chu)大江(jiang)，薄安(an)(an)慶。守(shou)(shou)仁聞(wen)(wen)南昌兵少(shao)則大喜，趨樟樹鎮(zhen)。知(zhi)府臨江(jiang)戴德孺、袁(yuan)州(zhou)徐璉、贛(gan)州(zhou)邢珣，都指(zhi)揮余(yu)恩，通判(pan)瑞州(zhou)胡堯元、童琦、撫(fu)州(zhou)鄒(zou)琥、安(an)(an)吉談儲，推官王暐、徐文(wen)(wen)英(ying)，知(zhi)縣(xian)新淦李(li)美、泰和李(li)楫(ji)(ji)、萬(wan)(wan)安(an)(an)王冕、寧(ning)(ning)都王天與(yu)，各(ge)以(yi)(yi)兵來會，合八萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，號三(san)十萬(wan)(wan)。或請救(jiu)安(an)(an)慶，守(shou)(shou)仁曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)然。今九江(jiang)、南康(kang)已為賊(zei)守(shou)(shou)，我(wo)越南昌與(yu)相持(chi)江(jiang)上，二(er)郡兵絕我(wo)后，是腹背受(shou)敵也。不(bu)如直(zhi)(zhi)搗南昌。賊(zei)精銳(rui)悉出(chu)，守(shou)(shou)備虛。我(wo)軍(jun)新集氣銳(rui)，攻必破。賊(zei)聞(wen)(wen)南昌破，必解圍自救(jiu)。逆擊(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)湖中(zhong)(zhong)，蔑不(bu)勝矣。”眾(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)“善(shan)”。己(ji)酉次豐城，以(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)定為前(qian)鋒(feng)，選遣(qian)奉(feng)新知(zhi)縣(xian)劉守(shou)(shou)緒襲其(qi)伏(fu)兵。庚戌(xu)夜半，文(wen)(wen)定兵抵廣(guang)(guang)(guang)潤門(men)，守(shou)(shou)兵駭散。辛亥黎明，諸軍(jun)梯縆登(deng)，縛(fu)拱嵒等，宮人(ren)多焚死。軍(jun)士頗殺掠，守(shou)(shou)仁戮犯令者(zhe)十余(yu)人(ren)，宥脅從，安(an)(an)士民，慰諭(yu)宗(zong)室，人(ren)心乃(nai)悅。

　　居(ju)二日，遣(qian)文(wen)定、珣(xun)、璉、德(de)孺各將精(jing)兵(bing)分道(dao)進(jin)，而使堯元等(deng)設伏。宸濠(hao)果自安(an)慶(qing)還兵(bing)。乙(yi)卯遇(yu)于黃家渡。文(wen)定當其(qi)(qi)前鋒，賊(zei)(zei)(zei)趨利(li)。珣(xun)繞(rao)出(chu)賊(zei)(zei)(zei)背貫其(qi)(qi)中，文(wen)定、恩乘之，璉、德(de)孺張兩翼分賊(zei)(zei)(zei)勢(shi)，堯元等(deng)伏發(fa)，賊(zei)(zei)(zei)大潰，退保八字(zi)腦。宸濠(hao)懼，盡發(fa)南(nan)康(kang)、九江兵(bing)。守(shou)仁(ren)遣(qian)知府撫州(zhou)陳槐、饒州(zhou)林城取九江，建昌曾玙、廣信(xin)周朝佐取南(nan)康(kang)。丙辰復戰，官軍卻，守(shou)仁(ren)斬先卻者。諸(zhu)軍殊死(si)戰，賊(zei)(zei)(zei)復大敗。退保樵舍，聯舟(zhou)為方陣(zhen)，盡出(chu)金寶犒士。明日，宸濠(hao)方晨朝其(qi)(qi)群(qun)臣，官軍奄至。以(yi)小(xiao)舟(zhou)載薪，乘風(feng)縱火，焚(fen)其(qi)(qi)副舟(zhou)，妃婁氏以(yi)下皆投(tou)水死(si)。宸濠(hao)舟(zhou)膠淺，倉卒(zu)易(yi)舟(zhou)遁(dun)，王冕(mian)所部兵(bing)追(zhui)執之。士實、養(yang)正及降賊(zei)(zei)(zei)按察使楊璋等(deng)皆就(jiu)擒。南(nan)康(kang)、九江亦下。凡三十五(wu)日而賊(zei)(zei)(zei)平。京師聞變，諸(zhu)大臣震(zhen)懼。王瓊大言曰：“王伯安(an)居(ju)南(nan)昌上游，必擒賊(zei)(zei)(zei)。”至是(shi)，果奏(zou)捷(jie)。

　　帝(di)(di)(di)時已(yi)親征，自稱“威(wei)(wei)武大(da)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)”，率京邊(bian)驍卒(zu)數萬(wan)南(nan)下。命安(an)邊(bian)伯許泰(tai)(tai)(tai)為(wei)副將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，偕提(ti)督軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)務(wu)太(tai)監(jian)張(zhang)忠(zhong)、平賊將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)左(zuo)都(dou)督劉(liu)暉將京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)數千，溯江(jiang)而(er)上，抵南(nan)昌(chang)。諸嬖(bi)幸故與宸(chen)濠(hao)通，守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)初上宸(chen)濠(hao)反書，因言(yan)(yan)：“覬覦者非特一寧王，請(qing)黜奸諛以(yi)(yi)回天下豪杰心。”諸嬖(bi)幸皆恨(hen)。宸(chen)濠(hao)既平，則相與媢功(gong)。且懼守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見(jian)天子發(fa)其(qi)罪，競(jing)為(wei)蜚語(yu)，謂守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)先與通謀，慮事不(bu)成，乃(nai)(nai)起兵。又欲(yu)令縱宸(chen)濠(hao)湖中，待帝(di)(di)(di)自擒。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乘忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)未至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，先俘(fu)宸(chen)濠(hao)，發(fa)南(nan)昌(chang)。忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)以(yi)(yi)威(wei)(wei)武大(da)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)檄邀之(zhi)(zhi)廣信。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)與，間道(dao)趨玉山(shan)(shan)，上書請(qing)獻俘(fu)，止帝(di)(di)(di)南(nan)征。帝(di)(di)(di)不(bu)許。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢唐遇太(tai)監(jian)張(zhang)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)提(ti)督贊畫(hua)機密軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)務(wu)，在忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)輩上，而(er)故與楊一清(qing)善，除劉(liu)瑾，天下稱之(zhi)(zhi)。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)夜見(jian)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，頌其(qi)賢，因極言(yan)(yan)江(jiang)西困(kun)敝，不(bu)堪六師擾。永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)深然之(zhi)(zhi)，曰：“永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)此來，為(wei)調護圣(sheng)躬(gong)，非邀功(gong)也。公大(da)勛，永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)，但事不(bu)可直情耳。”守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乃(nai)(nai)以(yi)(yi)宸(chen)濠(hao)付永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，而(er)身(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)京口，欲(yu)朝行(xing)在。聞(wen)(wen)巡撫江(jiang)西命，乃(nai)(nai)還南(nan)昌(chang)。忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)已(yi)先至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，恨(hen)失宸(chen)濠(hao)。故縱京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)犯(fan)守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，或呼名嫚罵。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)為(wei)動，撫之(zhi)(zhi)愈厚。病(bing)予(yu)(yu)藥，死予(yu)(yu)棺，遭喪于道(dao)，必(bi)停車慰問良久(jiu)始去。京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)謂“王都(dou)堂愛我”，無復(fu)犯(fan)者。忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)言(yan)(yan)：“寧府富厚甲天下，今所蓄安(an)在？”守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曰：“宸(chen)濠(hao)異時盡(jin)以(yi)(yi)輸京師要人，約內(nei)應，籍(ji)可按也。”忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)故嘗納宸(chen)濠(hao)賄者，氣懾不(bu)敢復(fu)言(yan)(yan)。已(yi)，輕守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文士，強之(zhi)(zhi)射(she)。徐起，三發(fa)三中。京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)皆歡呼，忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)益沮(ju)。會(hui)冬至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)命居民巷祭，已(yi)，上冢哭。時新喪亂(luan)，悲號震野。京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)離家久(jiu)，聞(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)無不(bu)泣(qi)下思歸(gui)者。忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)不(bu)得已(yi)班(ban)師。比見(jian)帝(di)(di)(di)，與紀功(gong)給事中祝(zhu)續、御史章綸讒毀百端，獨永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時時左(zuo)右之(zhi)(zhi)。忠(zhong)揚言(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)前(qian)(qian)曰：“守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)必(bi)反，試(shi)召(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)，必(bi)不(bu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)屢(lv)矯旨召(zhao)守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)得永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)密信，不(bu)赴。及是知(zhi)出帝(di)(di)(di)意，立(li)馳(chi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。忠(zhong)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)計沮(ju)，不(bu)令見(jian)帝(di)(di)(di)。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乃(nai)(nai)入九華(hua)山(shan)(shan)，日晏坐僧寺。帝(di)(di)(di)覘知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)，曰：“王守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)學道(dao)人，聞(wen)(wen)召(zhao)即至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，何謂反？”乃(nai)(nai)遣還鎮，令更上捷音。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乃(nai)(nai)易前(qian)(qian)奏，言(yan)(yan)“奉(feng)威(wei)(wei)武大(da)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)方略討平叛(pan)亂(luan)”，而(er)盡(jin)入諸嬖(bi)幸名，江(jiang)彬等乃(nai)(nai)無言(yan)(yan)。

　　當是(shi)時(shi)，讒(chan)邪構煽(shan)，禍變(bian)叵(po)測(ce)，微守仁(ren)(ren)(ren)，東南事(shi)幾殆(dai)。世宗(zong)深(shen)知(zhi)之。甫即(ji)位，趣召入朝受封(feng)。而大(da)學士楊廷和與王瓊(qiong)不(bu)(bu)相能。守仁(ren)(ren)(ren)前(qian)后平賊，率歸功瓊(qiong)，廷和不(bu)(bu)喜，大(da)臣亦(yi)多忌(ji)其功。會有言國哀未畢(bi)，不(bu)(bu)宜舉(ju)宴行賞者(zhe)(zhe)，因拜守仁(ren)(ren)(ren)南京(jing)兵部(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)。守仁(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)赴，請歸省。已(yi)，論功封(feng)特進光祿(lu)大(da)夫(fu)、柱國、新建(jian)伯，世襲，歲(sui)祿(lu)一(yi)千石。然不(bu)(bu)予鐵券，歲(sui)祿(lu)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)給。諸同事(shi)有功者(zhe)(zhe)，惟吉(ji)安(an)守伍文(wen)定至大(da)官(guan)，當上賞。其他皆名示(shi)遷(qian)，而陰絀之，廢斥無存者(zhe)(zhe)。守仁(ren)(ren)(ren)憤甚。時(shi)已(yi)丁父(fu)憂，屢疏辭爵，乞錄諸臣功，咸報寢。免喪，亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)召。久之，所(suo)善(shan)席書(shu)及門人方(fang)獻夫(fu)、黃(huang)綰以議(yi)禮得幸，言于張璁、桂萼，將召用(yong)，而費宏故銜守仁(ren)(ren)(ren)，復沮之。屢推兵部(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)，三邊總督，提督團營，皆弗(fu)果用(yong)。

　　嘉(jia)靖(jing)六(liu)年，思(si)恩、田州土酋盧蘇、王受(shou)(shou)反。總(zong)督(du)姚(yao)鏌(mo)不(bu)(bu)能定，乃詔守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)以(yi)(yi)原官兼(jian)左都御(yu)史，總(zong)督(du)兩(liang)廣兼(jian)巡(xun)撫(fu)。綰因(yin)上書(shu)訟守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)功，請賜鐵券、歲祿，并敘討(tao)賊諸臣，帝咸報(bao)可。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)在道，疏陳用兵(bing)(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)非，且言：“思(si)恩未設(she)(she)(she)流官，土酋歲出兵(bing)(bing)三千，聽官征調。既設(she)(she)(she)流官，我(wo)反歲遣兵(bing)(bing)數(shu)(shu)千防(fang)戍(shu)。是流官之(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)，無(wu)益可知(zhi)。且田州鄰交阯，深山(shan)絕谷，悉(xi)瑤、僮盤據，必仍設(she)(she)(she)土官，斯可藉其(qi)(qi)兵(bing)(bing)力為屏蔽。若改土為流，則邊鄙之(zhi)(zhi)患，我(wo)自當之(zhi)(zhi)，后必有悔。”章下兵(bing)(bing)部，尚書(shu)王時(shi)中條(tiao)其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)合者五，帝令守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)更議(yi)。十二(er)月(yue)，守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)抵潯州，會巡(xun)按御(yu)史石金定計招(zhao)撫(fu)。悉(xi)散遣諸軍，留永順(shun)、保靖(jing)土兵(bing)(bing)數(shu)(shu)千，解甲休息。蘇、受(shou)(shou)初求撫(fu)不(bu)(bu)得，聞守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)至益懼，至是則大喜(xi)。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)赴南寧，二(er)人遣使(shi)乞(qi)降(jiang)，守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)令詣(yi)軍門。二(er)人竊議(yi)曰：“王公素多詐(zha)，恐紿(dai)我(wo)。”陳兵(bing)(bing)入見。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)數(shu)(shu)二(er)人罪，杖而釋之(zhi)(zhi)。親入營，撫(fu)其(qi)(qi)眾(zhong)七萬。奏聞于朝(chao)，陳用兵(bing)(bing)十害(hai)，招(zhao)撫(fu)十善。因(yin)請復設(she)(she)(she)流官，量割田州地，別立一(yi)州，以(yi)(yi)岑猛次子邦相為吏目，署州事，俟有功擢知(zhi)州。而于田州置十九巡(xun)檢司，以(yi)(yi)蘇、受(shou)(shou)等(deng)任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)，并受(shou)(shou)約束(shu)于流官知(zhi)府(fu)。帝皆從之(zhi)(zhi)。斷藤峽(xia)瑤賊，上連八(ba)寨(zhai)(zhai)，下通仙(xian)臺、花相諸洞蠻，盤亙三百(bai)余(yu)里，郡(jun)邑(yi)罹害(hai)者數(shu)(shu)十年。守(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)仁(ren)欲討(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)，故留南寧。罷(ba)湖廣兵(bing)(bing)，示不(bu)(bu)再用。伺賊不(bu)(bu)備，進破牛腸、六(liu)寺等(deng)十余(yu)寨(zhai)(zhai)，峽(xia)賊悉(xi)平(ping)。遂循橫石江而下，攻克仙(xian)臺、花相、白竹(zhu)、古陶(tao)、羅鳳(feng)諸賊。令布(bu)政使(shi)林(lin)富(fu)率蘇、受(shou)(shou)兵(bing)(bing)直抵八(ba)寨(zhai)(zhai)，破石門，副將沈希儀(yi)邀斬軼賊，盡平(ping)八(ba)寨(zhai)(zhai)。

　　始，帝(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蘇、受(shou)(shou)之撫，遣行(xing)人奉璽(xi)書獎(jiang)諭。及(ji)奏斷(duan)藤峽(xia)捷，則以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)手詔問閣(ge)臣(chen)楊一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)清(qing)等，謂守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)夸大(da)，且及(ji)其(qi)生平(ping)學術。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)清(qing)等不(bu)(bu)知所對。守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之起由璁、萼薦，萼故(gu)不(bu)(bu)善守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)璁強之。后(hou)萼長吏部，璁入內閣(ge)，積不(bu)(bu)相下(xia)。萼暴貴(gui)喜功(gong)名(ming)，風守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)取(qu)交(jiao)阯，守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)辭(ci)不(bu)(bu)應。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)清(qing)雅(ya)知守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，而黃綰(wan)嘗上疏欲(yu)令守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)入輔，毀(hui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)清(qing)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)清(qing)亦不(bu)(bu)能無移憾。萼遂顯詆守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)征撫交(jiao)失，賞格不(bu)(bu)行(xing)。獻(xian)夫(fu)及(ji)霍韜不(bu)(bu)平(ping)，上疏爭之，言：“諸瑤(yao)為(wei)患積年(nian)，初嘗用(yong)兵數十(shi)萬，僅得一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田州，旋復召寇。守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)片言馳諭，思(si)(si)、田稽首。至八寨、斷(duan)藤峽(xia)賊(zei)，阻(zu)深巖絕岡，國初以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來未有輕議剿(jiao)者，今(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)舉蕩平(ping)，若拉枯朽。議者乃(nai)言守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)受(shou)(shou)命征思(si)(si)、田，不(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)命征八寨。夫(fu)大(da)夫(fu)出疆，有可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)安國家，利社稷(ji)，專之可(ke)也，況守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)固承詔得便(bian)宜從事者乎？守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)討平(ping)叛藩，忌者誣以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)初同賊(zei)謀，又誣其(qi)輦載金帛。當時大(da)臣(chen)楊廷和、喬宇飾成其(qi)事，至今(jin)未白。夫(fu)忠如守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，有功(gong)如守(shou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)屈(qu)于江西，再(zai)屈(qu)于兩廣(guang)。臣(chen)恐勞臣(chen)灰心，將士解體，后(hou)此疆圉有事，誰復為(wei)陛下(xia)任之！”帝(di)報聞而已(yi)。

　　守仁(ren)已(yi)病甚，疏(shu)乞骸骨，舉鄖陽巡撫林富自代，不(bu)俟(si)命竟(jing)歸。行至南安卒，年五十七(qi)。喪過江西，軍民無不(bu)縞素哭送(song)者。

　　守仁天(tian)姿異敏。年(nian)十七謁上饒(rao)婁諒，與論朱(zhu)子格物(wu)大指(zhi)。還家，日端坐，講讀(du)《五經》，不茍(gou)言笑。游九華歸(gui)，筑室陽(yang)明(ming)洞中。泛濫(lan)二(er)氏學(xue)，數年(nian)無所(suo)得。謫龍(long)場，窮(qiong)荒(huang)無書，日繹舊聞。忽悟格物(wu)致知，當自求(qiu)諸心，不當求(qiu)諸事物(wu)，喟(kui)然曰：“道在是矣。”遂篤信不疑。其為教(jiao)，專以致良知為主。謂宋周(zhou)、程(cheng)二(er)子后，惟(wei)象山陸(lu)氏簡易(yi)直捷，有(you)以接孟(meng)氏之(zhi)傳(chuan)。而朱(zhu)子《集注》、《或問》之(zhi)類，乃中年(nian)未定之(zhi)說。學(xue)者翕然從之(zhi)，世遂有(you)“陽(yang)明(ming)學(xue)”云。

　　守仁既卒(zu)，桂萼奏其擅離職守。帝大怒，下廷臣議。萼等言(yan)(yan)：“守仁事不師(shi)古，言(yan)(yan)不稱師(shi)。欲立異以(yi)(yi)為高(gao)，則非朱熹格物致知(zhi)之論；知(zhi)眾論之不予，則為朱熹晚年定論之書。號(hao)召門徒，互相倡和。才美(mei)者樂其任(ren)意，庸鄙者借其虛(xu)聲。傳習(xi)轉訛，背謬(miu)彌甚。但討捕軬賊，擒獲叛(pan)藩，功有(you)足錄，宜(yi)免追奪伯(bo)爵以(yi)(yi)章大信，禁邪說以(yi)(yi)正人心。”帝乃下詔停世(shi)襲，恤典俱(ju)不行(xing)。

　　隆慶初，廷臣(chen)多(duo)頌(song)其(qi)功(gong)。詔贈新建侯，謚文(wen)成。二(er)年予世(shi)襲伯爵。既又有(you)請以守(shou)仁(ren)與薛瑄(xuan)(xuan)、陳獻章(zhang)同從祀(si)文(wen)廟者。帝獨允(yun)禮臣(chen)議(yi)，以瑄(xuan)(xuan)配。及萬歷十二(er)年，御史詹(zhan)事講申(shen)前(qian)請。大學(xue)(xue)士申(shen)時行(xing)等言：“守(shou)仁(ren)言致知(zhi)出《大學(xue)(xue)》，良知(zhi)出《孟子(zi)》。陳獻章(zhang)主靜(jing)，沿宋儒周敦頤、程(cheng)顥。且孝友出處如獻章(zhang)，氣(qi)節文(wen)章(zhang)功(gong)業(ye)如守(shou)仁(ren)，不可謂禪，誠宜(yi)崇(chong)祀(si)。”且言胡居仁(ren)純(chun)心(xin)篤行(xing)，眾(zhong)論所歸，亦宜(yi)并祀(si)。帝皆(jie)從之。終明(ming)之世(shi)，從祀(si)者止守(shou)仁(ren)等四人。

　　始守仁無子(zi)(zi)，育弟子(zi)(zi)正憲為后。晚年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，生子(zi)(zi)正億，二(er)歲而(er)孤。既長(chang)，襲(xi)錦衣副千戶(hu)。隆(long)慶(qing)初，襲(xi)新建伯(bo)(bo)。萬歷五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)卒。子(zi)(zi)承勛嗣，督(du)漕運二(er)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。子(zi)(zi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進，無子(zi)(zi)，將以弟先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)達(da)子(zi)(zi)業(ye)(ye)弘(hong)繼。先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)達(da)妻(qi)曰：“伯(bo)(bo)無子(zi)(zi)，爵(jue)(jue)自傳吾夫。由父及子(zi)(zi)，爵(jue)(jue)安往？”先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進怒，因育族子(zi)(zi)業(ye)(ye)洵(xun)為后。及承勛卒，先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進未襲(xi)死(si)。業(ye)(ye)洵(xun)自以非嫡嗣，終當(dang)歸爵(jue)(jue)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)達(da)，且(qie)虞其爭，乃謗先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)達(da)為乞(qi)養，而(er)別(bie)推承勛弟子(zi)(zi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)當(dang)嗣，屢爭于朝，數十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)不決。崇禎時(shi)，先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)達(da)子(zi)(zi)業(ye)(ye)弘(hong)復與先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)疏(shu)(shu)辨。而(er)業(ye)(ye)洵(xun)兄業(ye)(ye)浩(hao)時(shi)為總督(du)，所司懼忤業(ye)(ye)浩(hao)，竟(jing)以先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)嗣。業(ye)(ye)弘(hong)憤，持疏(shu)(shu)入禁門訴。自刎不殊，執下獄(yu)，尋釋(shi)。先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)襲(xi)伯(bo)(bo)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，流賊陷京師，被殺。

　　守(shou)仁弟子盈天下(xia)，其有傳者不復載。惟冀元(yuan)亨嘗(chang)與守(shou)仁共患(huan)難。

　　冀元亨(heng)，字(zi)惟(wei)乾(qian)，武陵人。篤信守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)學。舉(ju)正德十一(yi)年(nian)鄉試。從守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)于贛，守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)屬以教子。宸(chen)(chen)(chen)濠(hao)(hao)懷不軌，而(er)外務名高，貽書(shu)守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)問學，守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)使元亨(heng)往。宸(chen)(chen)(chen)濠(hao)(hao)語挑之(zhi)(zhi)，佯不喻(yu)，獨與之(zhi)(zhi)論學，宸(chen)(chen)(chen)濠(hao)(hao)目為癡(chi)。他日講《西銘》，反(fan)覆(fu)君(jun)臣義甚悉。宸(chen)(chen)(chen)濠(hao)(hao)亦服，厚贈遣之(zhi)(zhi)，元亨(heng)反(fan)其贈于官。已，宸(chen)(chen)(chen)濠(hao)(hao)敗，張忠(zhong)、許泰(tai)誣守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)(ren)與通。詰(jie)宸(chen)(chen)(chen)濠(hao)(hao)，言無有(you)。忠(zhong)等(deng)詰(jie)不已，曰：“獨嘗遣冀元亨(heng)論學。”忠(zhong)等(deng)大喜，搒元亨(heng)，加以炮(pao)烙，終不承(cheng)，械系京師詔(zhao)獄。

　　世宗(zong)嗣位(wei)，言(yan)者(zhe)交白(bai)其(qi)(qi)冤(yuan)，出獄(yu)五日卒。元亨(heng)在獄(yu)，善(shan)待諸(zhu)囚(qiu)若兄弟，囚(qiu)皆感(gan)泣(qi)。其(qi)(qi)被逮也，所司系(xi)其(qi)(qi)妻李(li)(li)，李(li)(li)無怖(bu)色，曰(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)(wu)夫(fu)(fu)尊師樂(le)善(shan)，豈他慮哉！”獄(yu)中與二女治麻枲不輟。事(shi)且白(bai)，守(shou)者(zhe)欲出之(zhi)(zhi)。曰(yue)(yue)：“未見(jian)吾(wu)(wu)夫(fu)(fu)，出安往？”按(an)察諸(zhu)僚(liao)婦聞(wen)其(qi)(qi)賢，召(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)，辭(ci)不赴。已(yi)就(jiu)見(jian)，則囚(qiu)服見(jian)，手不釋麻枲。問其(qi)(qi)夫(fu)(fu)學，曰(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)(wu)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)學，不出閨門衽席(xi)間。”聞(wen)者(zhe)悚然。

　　贊曰(yue)：王守(shou)仁(ren)始以(yi)直(zhi)節著(zhu)。比任疆事，提弱卒(zu)，從諸書生掃積年逋寇，平定孽藩。終明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)世(shi)，文臣(chen)用兵制勝(sheng)，未有如(ru)守(shou)仁(ren)者也。當危疑(yi)之(zhi)際，神明(ming)(ming)愈定，智(zhi)慮無遺(yi)，雖由天資高，其亦有得于中者歟。矜其創(chuang)獲，標異儒先，卒(zu)為(wei)學(xue)者譏(ji)。守(shou)仁(ren)嘗謂(wei)胡世(shi)寧少(shao)講(jiang)學(xue)，世(shi)寧曰(yue)：“某恨(hen)公(gong)多講(jiang)學(xue)耳。”桂萼之(zhi)議雖出于媢(mao)忌之(zhi)私(si)，抑流弊(bi)實然，固不能以(yi)功(gong)多為(wei)諱(hui)矣(yi)。

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