《寄諸弟(di)書(shu)》原文范文

　　原文：

　　得書(shu)，足知(zhi)邇來學力之長(chang)，甚喜(xi)!君子惟(wei)患學業之不修，科第遲速，所不論(lun)也(ye)。況吾平日所望于(yu)(yu)(yu)賢弟，固(gu)有大于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)者(zhe)，不識亦嘗有意(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)否耶?便中時(shi)報知(zhi)之。

　　階陽諸侄(zhi)聞去歲皆出投試(shi)，非不(bu)(bu)喜其年少有志，然(ran)私心切(qie)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)為(wei)然(ran)。不(bu)(bu)幸遂至于得(de)志，豈不(bu)(bu)誤(wu)卻(que)此(ci)生(sheng)耶!凡后生(sheng)美質(zhi)，須令晦(hui)養(yang)厚(hou)積。天道不(bu)(bu)翕聚(ju)，則(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)發(fa)散，況(kuang)人乎?花之千葉者無實(shi)，為(wei)其華美太發(fa)露耳。諸賢侄(zhi)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)吾(wu)言為(wei)迂，便當有進步(bu)處矣。

　　書(shu)來勸(quan)吾(wu)仕，吾(wu)亦非潔身者，所以汲汲于是，非獨以時當斂晦，亦以吾(wu)學未成(cheng)(cheng)。歲(sui)月(yue)不待，再過數年，精(jing)神益弊，雖欲勉進而(er)有所不能，則(ze)將終于無成(cheng)(cheng)。皆吾(wu)所以勢有不容(rong)已也。但老祖而(er)下，意皆不悅，今亦豈能決然行(xing)之?徒付之浩嘆而(er)已!

　　參考譯文

　　接到來(lai)信，知道你近來(lai)學識(shi)增長，非(fei)常(chang)高興!君子只(zhi)擔(dan)心學問沒有(you)修好，對于(yu)科第(di)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)中(zhong)(zhong)或者早中(zhong)(zhong)遲中(zhong)(zhong)都是不(bu)(bu)(bu)去(qu)追求的(de)。況且(qie)我(wo)平(ping)時對賢弟的(de)期望都不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅是如此的(de)，但(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知道賢弟是否(fou)也有(you)意于(yu)此事?所以寫信告知你。

　　聽說階、陽兩位(wei)侄子去年(nian)都(dou)出去參(can)加科第考(kao)試(shi)，不是我(wo)不欣賞他(ta)們(men)(men)年(nian)少有志，但(dan)我(wo)內(nei)心卻對此卻不以(yi)為然。如(ru)果他(ta)們(men)(men)能(neng)夠中第，但(dan)豈不會(hui)因(yin)此而耽誤(wu)了終生啊!年(nian)輕人要有成(cheng)就，必須令(ling)其收斂修養(yang)而厚積薄(bo)發。正如(ru)天(tian)體運行(xing)還(huan)沒有形成(cheng)聚氣，則不能(neng)發散(san)(san)，何況是人呢?花如(ru)果有千葉但(dan)無果實(shi)，就是因(yin)為華美外表(biao)太早發散(san)(san)了。如(ru)果兩位(wei)賢侄不認為我(wo)此番言語是迂腐，就會(hui)有進步的空(kong)間了。

　　好多人來(lai)信(xin)勸我(wo)為(wei)官之事，我(wo)也(ye)不(bu)是(shi)潔(jie)身自(zi)好不(bu)理解(jie)。之所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)急急提醒你，并(bing)(bing)不(bu)是(shi)我(wo)僅僅覺得應(ying)該收斂隱(yin)晦，也(ye)是(shi)因為(wei)我(wo)并(bing)(bing)沒有(you)學成之故。歲月不(bu)待(dai)，再過幾年，精神會(hui)越來(lai)越差，屆時雖然(ran)想長進也(ye)會(hui)心有(you)余而力不(bu)足(zu)，則將會(hui)一事無成!所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)我(wo)認為(wei)形勢不(bu)容自(zi)己了。要去(qu)地(di)下見老(lao)祖宗，也(ye)會(hui)無顏面，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)現(xian)在怎么能貿(mao)然(ran)處事呢?所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)經常會(hui)有(you)光陰白白付出的(de)嘆息啊!

　　夏涼冬暖

　　《寄諸用明(ming)(ming)書》寫(xie)于陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)四十歲時(shi)。諸用明(ming)(ming)是陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的妻弟(di)，一個樂善好施之人(ren)(ren)，才華(hua)橫溢卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)求仕途，深得陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)賞識(shi)。但(dan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得知他(ta)(ta)兒子參加(jia)科第考(kao)(kao)試(shi)，擔心(xin)反而(er)耽(dan)誤了(le)這(zhe)(zhe)倆侄兒的未來，就(jiu)寫(xie)此信提醒了(le)一番。“凡后生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)美質(zhi)須令晦(hui)養(yang)厚(hou)(hou)積。天道不(bu)(bu)(bu)翕聚(ju),則不(bu)(bu)(bu)能發(fa)散(san),況人(ren)(ren)乎?花之千葉者無實,為(wei)其華(hua)美太發(fa)露耳。”是這(zhe)(zhe)篇(pian)文章(zhang)的精華(hua)所(suo)在。他(ta)(ta)的意思是人(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)重要的階段是少年(nian)時(shi)期，應該“晦(hui)養(yang)厚(hou)(hou)積”，不(bu)(bu)(bu)被功名所(suo)束縛，才能成(cheng)為(wei)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)，這(zhe)(zhe)呼應了(le)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)十二(er)歲就(jiu)認(ren)為(wei)讀書是做(zuo)圣(sheng)(sheng)賢的抱負。在王陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)年(nian)譜時(shi)說道，他(ta)(ta)二(er)十二(er)歲在南宮進(jin)(jin)士考(kao)(kao)試(shi)時(shi)落第了(le)，同考(kao)(kao)試(shi)的舍(she)友(you)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)第為(wei)恥(chi)，但(dan)王陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)卻笑著說：“汝以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得第為(wei)恥(chi)，吾(wu)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得第動(dong)心(xin)為(wei)恥(chi)。”即是說王陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)(ming)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)士為(wei)恥(chi)，但(dan)如果不(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)士而(er)動(dong)了(le)心(xin)，這(zhe)(zhe)反而(er)是恥(chi)辱，說明(ming)(ming)了(le)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)漠(mo)視功名，一心(xin)只(zhi)想成(cheng)為(wei)圣(sheng)(sheng)賢。最(zui)后一段則反映了(le)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在有限(xian)的人(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)待我、只(zhi)爭朝夕(xi)的緊迫感。

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