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高中英語詞匯教學課件

時間:2021-04-07 12:57:44 教學課件 我要投稿

高中英語詞匯教(jiao)學課件

  高中英語詞匯教學課件1

  教學內容:

高中英語詞匯教學課件

  Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”, Book3

  課(ke)文(wen) A Trip On “The True North ” 的詞匯和短(duan)語(yu)(rather than, continent, baggage, chat, scenery, eastward, westward, upward, surround,  the Rocky Mountains, harbour, measure, aboard, settle down, manage to do, catch sight of, eagle,   Stampede, cowboy, have a gift for, within, border, slight, slightly, acre, urban,  Thunder Bay,  Lake Superior)

  教學目標:

  1、使學生能夠正確地朗讀并(bing)掌握(wo)所學詞(ci)匯的中(zhong)文意思;

  2、通(tong)過創(chuang)設語境與習題練習相結合的方(fang)法掌握重點單詞的音、形、義、用;

  3、對學(xue)生進行從語境中(zhong)猜測詞(ci)意這一詞(ci)匯學(xue)習(xi)方法的初(chu)探;

  4、教(jiao)授構詞法的基本知識,培養(yang)學生詞匯生成(cheng)能力,拓(tuo)寬詞匯量;

  5、結(jie)合詞(ci)匯教學和(he)文章理解(jie)(jie),使學生了解(jie)(jie)加拿大(da)的基本情況。

  教學重點:

  使學生掌握本(ben)課詞匯。

  教學難點:

  使學生掌握詞匯學習的方法并培養詞匯學習的興(xing)趣(qu)。

  教學方法:

  任務型教學

  課前準備:

  1、前(qian)一(yi)節課已通過(guo)略讀、跳讀、細讀等方(fang)式對課文A Trip On “The True North ” 有了(le)整體感知(zhi),并能基本完成(cheng)P35的Comprehending部分。

  2、教師(shi)事(shi)先根據(ju)高考詞(ci)(ci)匯要求及詞(ci)(ci)匯的(de)使用頻(pin)率對(dui)(dui)所學28個詞(ci)(ci)匯進行分類分組,分為(wei)只(zhi)讀詞(ci)(ci)匯,認知詞(ci)(ci)匯和(he)運(yun)用詞(ci)(ci)匯。計劃針對(dui)(dui)不同級別或頻(pin)度的(de)詞(ci)(ci)匯采用不同的(de)策(ce)略。分組如下:

  Group A: baggage, continent, harbour, eagle,   border, acre

  Group B: eastward, westward, upward

  Group C: chat, scenery

  Group D:  surround, measure

  Group E: rather than, settle down, manage to do, catch sight of, have a gift for

  Group F: aboard, within, slight, slightly, urban

  Group G:  the Rocky Mountains, Stampede, cowboy,  Thunder Bay,           Lake Superior

  教學過程:

  Step Ⅰ: Lead-in: Brainstorm.

  Q1: Do you like travelling?

  Q2: What words will you think about when I refer to the word “travel”?

  Ss brainstorm the words and write them down、( ID card, passport, camera, IPAD, notebook, map, jet lag, sports shoes,…)

  設計思(si)路: 用(yong)頭腦風(feng)暴游(you)戲導入新課,開拓學生思(si)路并為接下(xia)來的詞匯(hui)學習做準(zhun)備。

  StepⅡ: Learning about Group A: baggage, continent, harbour, eagle,   border, acre

  First, listen to tape about these new words、Make Ss recognize the pronunciation.

  Then, learn these words by guessing and paraphrasing.

  1、Baggage   Teacher gives clues like this:

  They’re a general word for a group of bags.

  We put clothes, camera and other things we need in these.

  We carry them when we travel.

  Ss: Baggage.

  2、Eagle         Teacher gives clues like this:

  It is a large strong bird.

  It has very good eyesight.

  Its mouth is very sharp.

  Ss: Eagle.

  3、Continent, harbour, border, acre

  Teacher goes to the map hanging on the wall.

  ⑴ continent:

  T: Look at the map、Can you find China? Where is it?

  Ss: Yes, it’s in Asia.

  T: Can you find the UK and France?

  Ss: Yes, they’re European countries.

  T: Great、Asia is one of the continents in the world、And Europe is another、There are five continents altogether on the earth、Do you know the meaning of “continent”?

  Ss: Yes.

  ⑵ harbor:

  T:  ( points to Dalian ) Look at  Dalian on the map、If you travel from this city, what kind of transportation will you take?

  Ss: bus, plane, ship, train….

  T: Yes, you can choose ship because Dalian is next to the sea、So the place of shelter for ships is harbor、Got it?

  Ss: Yes.

  ⑶ border: (point to the border of China) Teacher gives clues like this :

  It is lines between two provinces or countries which are next to each other.

  Ss: border.

  ⑷ acre:

  T: Do you know how large our country is?

  Ss: 9,600,000 square metres、(Answer the question with teacher’s help)

  T: And ‘acre’ is another word to describe how large the land is, especially used in English- speaking countries、In Chinese,  英畝(mu).

  設計(ji)思(si)路:此組均為(wei)名詞,掌握其音、形、義即可。通(tong)過使(shi)用根據英語釋(shi)義的(de)方法猜單詞,使(shi)單詞學習(xi)不再枯(ku)燥乏(fa)味,反而(er)很有趣(qu),很刺激,對學生的(de)學習(xi)積極性(xing)是(shi)一種調動。

  Step Ⅲ: Learn the new words in Group B: eastward, westward, upward

  1、Teacher writes the three words on the blackboard、Lead the Ss to find out the word-forming rules.

  T: -ward(s) 是表示方(fang)(fang)向的后(hou)綴, means “in a certain direction”, 常與(yu)方(fang)(fang)向詞如: east, west, up, down, in, out等詞派生出eastward(s), westward(s), upward(s), downward(s), inward(s) 和outward(s).

  So, eastward means “to the east”、How about ‘upward’?

  Ss: To the upper place.

  設計思路: 利用構(gou)詞法學(xue)單詞,尋找(zhao)并(bing)總結構(gou)詞規(gui)律,既(ji)有利于提(ti)高學(xue)習效率,又能拓展詞匯(hui)量。

  Step Ⅳ Learn the new words in  ;Group C: chat, scenery &Group D:  surround, measure

  1、Group C: Summarize the differences between chat and talk;

  Summarize the differences among scenery, view, sight, scene.

  ⑴  chat vs、talk

  Notes: chat vi、& n、 非正式場合的閑聊(常為交(jiao)流個人情況)

  talk vi、& n、(含義較多) 談話(hua),聊天等。

  但用法較相(xiang)似: chat / talk with/ to sb.

  chat / talk about sth.

  have a  chat/ talk with sb、about sth.

  Exercise:

  ① The two sides in the war have agreed to hold a peace talk.

  ② I haven’t seen him for years and we had a long chat about old times.

  ③ My boss talked to me for almost an hour.

  ④ Look at those girls、They were chatting happily on the beach.

  ⑵ scenery, view, sight, scene

  Notes: scenery: 指一個地區全部的自然景色,如高山、森(sen)林、溪谷(gu)等,是(shi)不可數(shu)名詞。

  view: 多指從遠(yuan)處或(huo)高出(chu)等某(mou)個角度(du)所(suo)看見的“景物(wu),景致”。

  scene: 除表(biao)示“景物、景致”外,還有“場面”之意,大多包括人及人的活動在(zai)內。

  sight: 指(zhi)人(ren)們(men)游(you)覽(lan)觀光的(de)風景,特別值(zhi)得一看的(de)景物,也可指(zhi)“情景;景象;視力”。

  Exercise:

  ① You’ll get a fine view of the town from the mountaintop.

  ② We visited the historical sights of China last summer.

  ③ The scenery of this country is unparalleled(無(wu)雙的).

  ④ The boats in the harbor make a beautiful scene.

  設計(ji)思(si)路:因不能區分同義詞之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)語義差異,也是造成學(xue)(xue)生使用單(dan)詞出錯的(de)原因。通過同義或近義詞的(de)詞義辨析,使學(xue)(xue)生弄清(qing)楚易混詞,從而提高(gao)學(xue)(xue)生活學(xue)(xue)活用的(de)能力。

  2、  Group D:  surround, measure

  Notes: ⑴ surround vt、& vi、包(bao)圍,圍繞

  常用于被動語(yu)態(tai)be surrounded by

  eg、The church is surrounded by a white fence.

  [語境串(chuan)記(ji)] Once upon a time, a king who was polite to surrounding (adj、周圍的) countries lived in a castle surrounded(v-ed 被(bei)……環(huan)繞) by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings(n.環(huan)境).

  從前(qian),在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)綠樹環繞,環境優(you)美的城堡里住著一(yi)位(wei)國(guo)王,他(ta)對領邦十分(fen)友好(hao)。

  ⑵ measure: vi、& vt、測量,衡量,判定

  n、計量(liang)制, 尺寸,措施

  ① measure sth、by sth、用……來衡量

  eg、Education should not be measured purely by examination results.

  ② take measures/ steps/ action to do sth.

  eg、 The government has taken measures to stop the spread of AIDS.

  設計思路:該組詞匯同Group C 一樣,屬高頻運(yun)用詞匯。結合微型語境(jing)學(xue)習搭配是最直接有效的方式(shi),有利(li)于培養學(xue)生用英語思維的能力以及(ji)感知語言的能力。

  Step Ⅴ Learn about the phrases: rather than, settle down, manage to do, catch sight of, have a gift for     in  Group E

  Task: This is a short story、Fill in the blanks using the phrases above.

  Rather than go shopping with his parents, little Tom decided to study for the math exam at home、However, he wasn’t really good at math and found it hard to settle down to (doing) his work、Suddenly, he caught sight of   the gold medal hanging on the wall, which reminded him of piano competition, little Tom has a gift for piano but not math、What a pity! Little Tom said to himself: I keep practicing and then I‘ll manage to get good results.

  設計(ji)思路:用(yong)小(xiao)故事(shi)的方式將短語串在一起(qi),內容有趣,可讀性(xing)強,結合(he)語境教學(xue)(xue)法(fa),培(pei)養學(xue)(xue)生活(huo)學(xue)(xue)活(huo)用(yong)的能力(li)。

  StepⅥ: Learn the new words in Group F: aboard, within, slight, slightly, urban

  結合課文語境(jing)學(xue)習該組詞(ci)匯。

  設計思路(lu):本組詞(ci)匯為prep, adj、和adv、, 重點(dian)掌(zhang)握音、形(xing)、義, 結合課文內容教學(xue),即(ji)可掌(zhang)握。

  Step Ⅶ Learn the new words in Group G:  the Rocky Mountains, Stampede, cowboy,  Thunder Bay,    Lake Superior

  Read these words after the teacher.

  設(she)計思路:本組詞匯均(jun)為詞, 不(bu)要求掌握,但為了不(bu)影響課文(wen)的理解和朗讀,只需掌握其音、義(yi)即可,簡單處理。

  Step Ⅷ: Deal with Exercises 2&3 on P36.

  Ask the Ss to finish the exercises all by themselves、And then check the answers.

  設計思(si)路(lu):通過(guo)兩個練習(xi)的處理,總結本(ben)課(ke)所學詞匯。

  StepⅨ:  Conclusion and Homework.

  高中英語詞匯教學課件2

  一、常用的詞匯教學方法

  1、在語境中展開(kai)詞匯教(jiao)學

  在傳統的(de)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)教學(xue)(xue)中(zhong),教師總是(shi)脫離(li)句(ju)子和(he)文(wen)(wen)章(zhang)內容孤(gu)立地講解(jie)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)義。這種孤(gu)立地講解(jie)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)義的(de)教學(xue)(xue)法,不(bu)僅使學(xue)(xue)生感(gan)到詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)學(xue)(xue)習枯燥無味,了無興趣,而且還不(bu)能(neng)讓學(xue)(xue)生理解(jie)該詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)真正(zheng)含義和(he)用法。因此我(wo)們倡導在語境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)展開詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)。語境(jing)(jing)就是(shi)上(shang)下文(wen)(wen),即詞(ci)(ci)(ci)、短語、語句(ju)和(he)篇章(zhang)的(de)前后關(guan)系(xi)。語境(jing)(jing)制(zhi)約(yue)著語言單(dan)位的(de)選擇,意義的(de)表達(da)和(he)理解(jie),詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)意義只有在上(shang)下文(wen)(wen)中(zhong)才能(neng)精確,英語中(zhong)有大(da)量的(de)一(yi)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)多義的(de)現象,這些詞(ci)(ci)(ci)在不(bu)同的(de)語境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)就有不(bu)同的(de)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)義。 如taste一(yi)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(BookII Unit3):

  1)、My sense of taste isn’t very good; I catch a cold.(味覺(jue))

  2)、A cake has a sweet taste.(味道)

  3)、I have a taste for pop music.(愛好)

  如果脫離了(le)語(yu)境,孤零零地學(xue)(xue)習(xi)單詞,就很難正確掌握理(li)解(jie)詞匯的(de)(de)真正意義(yi),甚至會產(chan)生歧(qi)異。因(yin)此(ci)我們要在句子(zi)或(huo)語(yu)篇中實現詞匯的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)和鞏(gong)固。如Senior English Book3 Unit4 中的(de)(de)content一詞,我們可以(yi)把(ba)這個(ge)詞的(de)(de)所有(you)漢語(yu)意義(yi)(adj、滿(man)足的(de)(de);滿(man)意的(de)(de);v、使滿(man)意, 使滿(man)足,pl、內容(rong);所容(rong)之物(wu),目次,目錄, 含量)展示出(chu)來(lai),再配以(yi)下句子(zi),讓學(xue)(xue)生通過對句子(zi)的(de)(de)理(li)解(jie)來(lai)進行(xing)英(ying)漢配伍,

  a、She is content with very little.

  b、Simple praise is enough to content him.

  c、The contents of the box fell onto the floor.

  e、It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it.

  f、Eggs have a high protein content.

  學生很容易從以上的句子(zi)中掌握content一詞的基本用法(fa)和(he)活用。

  2、利用構詞法記憶單詞

  我們高(gao)二(er)的(de)教(jiao)材中(zhong),構詞(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)作(zuo)為一(yi)項(xiang)語法(fa)項(xiang)目單(dan)獨系統學習(xi),我們可以(yi)(yi)把它作(zuo)為一(yi)個(ge)專題來(lai)教(jiao)學,另(ling)外在日(ri)常教(jiao)學中(zhong)注意幫學生總結歸納,識(shi)別詞(ci)(ci)(ci)綴和(he)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)根,可以(yi)(yi)從根本上(shang)把握(wo)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)`含(han)義。久練這種(zhong)學記(ji)(ji)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)方法(fa),能(neng)(neng)夠領(ling)略一(yi)些英語單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)構造奧妙,并減輕記(ji)(ji)憶的(de)負擔。更(geng)重要的(de)是,如果學生能(neng)(neng)真正領(ling)悟并進而(er)拓展(zhan)這種(zhong)方法(fa)所(suo)蘊涵的(de)思路,他們將(jiang)能(neng)(neng)觸類旁通,從而(er)受(shou)益匪淺。如學到courage一(yi)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)時,學生能(neng)(neng)通過構詞(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)迅速(su)識(shi)記(ji)(ji)discourage, discouragement, courageous, courageously,encouragement等(deng)同詞(ci)(ci)(ci)根的(de)多個(ge)新詞(ci)(ci)(ci),然后我會(hui)告訴(su)學生這些詞(ci)(ci)(ci)會(hui)在高(gao)二(er)選(xuan)修6學到,甚至有的(de)是高(gao)三詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯,他們都會(hui)覺得很(hen)有成就感,增添了(le)自信心。

  3、利用上下文來推測(ce)詞義

  充分(fen)(fen)利用上下文(wen)(wen)(wen)來(lai)(lai)推(tui)測(ce)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)義是一個(ge)很有(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯學(xue)(xue)習(xi)技(ji)巧(qiao),教師在(zai)教學(xue)(xue)中(zhong)要(yao)有(you)(you)針對(dui)性地(di)(di)培(pei)養學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)利用上下文(wen)(wen)(wen)猜詞(ci)(ci)(ci)義的(de)(de)(de)能力。擴大詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯量有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)方法(fa)(fa):直接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)和間接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)。直接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)即以記單詞(ci)(ci)(ci)為目的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活動(dong),包括背(bei)單詞(ci)(ci)(ci),詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯練習(xi),詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯游戲等,一般說來(lai)(lai),直接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)缺(que)乏(fa)技(ji)巧(qiao)性,容(rong)易使(shi)人感(gan)(gan)到枯燥,乏(fa)味。另(ling)外一種(zhong)是間接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa),即通(tong)過閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)和聽外文(wen)(wen)(wen)材(cai)料(liao)來(lai)(lai)記住(zhu)并(bing)學(xue)(xue)會(hui)單詞(ci)(ci)(ci)。因此,我們在(zai)保(bao)證完成閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)教學(xue)(xue)任務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi),可要(yao)求學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)每學(xue)(xue)期都要(yao)在(zai)課(ke)外完成一定量的(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)任務(wu)。學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)可以選擇自己感(gan)(gan)興趣(qu)的(de)(de)(de)東西(xi),閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)難度可由淺入(ru)深、循序漸進(jin)。在(zai)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)中(zhong)遇到了生(sheng)(sheng)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi),我要(yao)求學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)過上下文(wen)(wen)(wen)來(lai)(lai)猜,標(biao)題,摘要(yao),語法(fa)(fa)結構,詞(ci)(ci)(ci)綴(zhui),標(biao)點符號等都可以作(zuo)為線(xian)索(suo)利用。在(zai)有(you)(you)上下文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候,同義詞(ci)(ci)(ci)、反義詞(ci)(ci)(ci)、句子的(de)(de)(de)因果(guo)關系、生(sheng)(sheng)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)與臨近句法(fa)(fa)成分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)關系等都可以作(zuo)為線(xian)索(suo)來(lai)(lai)推(tui)測(ce)生(sheng)(sheng)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義。教師在(zai)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)課(ke)上適(shi)當地(di)(di)教會(hui)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)知(zhi)道文(wen)(wen)(wen)章中(zhong)有(you)(you)些(xie)信(xin)號詞(ci)(ci)(ci)可以幫助識別生(sheng)(sheng)詞(ci)(ci)(ci),如i.e.或or等以及一些(xie)其他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)提示(shi)信(xin)息(xi)。

  然而(er),仍有一(yi)些詞即使(shi)在(zai)有上下(xia)文(wen)的(de)情況下(xia)也(ye)很難確定(ding)(ding)其準確含義,如(ru):There are a lot of nasty snags yet to overcome., 從overcome這(zhe)個詞常與difficulty, problem搭配可(ke)知(zhi)snags一(yi)定(ding)(ding)是令人不(bu)快的(de)事(shi),那么nasty也(ye)就是消極意義的(de)形容詞了,這(zhe)個句子的(de)猜(cai)測只(zhi)能到此為(wei)止,因為(wei)缺乏上下(xia)文(wen),無法再具體確定(ding)(ding)nasty snags的(de)意義,這(zhe)時,只(zhi)有求助于(yu)詞典(dian)(dian)了。所以,詞典(dian)(dian)只(zhi)應(ying)在(zai)猜(cai)測失敗時使(shi)用。切不(bu)可(ke)過分依賴詞典(dian)(dian)而(er)失去(qu)了培(pei)養良好學習技巧和習慣的(de)機會。

  二、單元重點詞匯重新組合,提高學生詞匯學習速度

  對于高中英(ying)語(yu)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue),大多數英(ying)語(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)師都是(shi)在講解(jie)課文時串講新(xin)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)。這(zhe)種方(fang)(fang)法有利(li)于培養學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)猜測詞(ci)(ci)(ci)義的(de)能(neng)力,很適合(he)英(ying)語(yu)基礎(chu)好,已形成(cheng)自主(zhu)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)習(xi)慣的(de)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)。但對那些英(ying)語(yu)基礎(chu)差,不會自主(zhu)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)的(de)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)來說,這(zhe)方(fang)(fang)法是(shi)行(xing)不通的(de)。因此(ci),我在進行(xing)新(xin)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)第一(yi)節課為詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue),把單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)重點詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯按不同的(de)方(fang)(fang)式重新(xin)組合(he)(以后這(zhe)項工作由學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)自己完(wan)成(cheng)),展示詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯學(xue)(xue)習(xi)的(de)多種方(fang)(fang)式和策略,幫助學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)快速記憶單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)。

  根據每單元(yuan)詞(ci)匯的特點(dian),詞(ci)匯重組的方式多種(zhong)(zhong)多樣。下列兩種(zhong)(zhong)詞(ci)匯重組的方式較常用。一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)按詞(ci)性重組。如(ru)把高二(人教(jiao)版)中的單詞(ci)按詞(ci)性可重組如(ru)下:

  A、名 詞:ecology, coal, violence, equality, killer, access, fairness, responsibility,

  willingness, harmony, premier

  B、動 詞:summarise, stress, wipe, defend, affect, advise

  C、形容(rong)詞:content, representative, alternative, incorrect

  將同一詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性的單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)放在一起(qi)講解,有利于學(xue)生(sheng)掌握所學(xue)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性。另一種(zhong)是按構詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法(派生(sheng)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)、復合詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)、轉化詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)、縮略詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci))重組,如(ru)高中(zhong)必修3的單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)按照構詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法分類,都為派生(sheng)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),可組合如(ru)下:

  A、加前(qian)綴的(de)詞:incorrect

  B、加后綴(zhui)的詞:

  a)名詞后綴:killer, violence, equality, fairness, responsibility, willingness

  b)形容(rong)詞(ci)后綴:representative, alternative

  c)動詞后(hou)綴(zhui):summarise

  我(wo)們還可以根據詞(ci)(ci)的(de)拼讀規則、英(ying)語釋義、詞(ci)(ci)的(de)搭配等來重組單(dan)詞(ci)(ci),幫助學生產(chan)生聯想記憶(yi),減輕學生記憶(yi)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)的(de)負擔,提(ti)高(gao)詞(ci)(ci)匯學習速度(du)。

  三、課題研究選擇形式多樣的詞匯教學方法,培養了學生詞匯記憶興趣

  根據(ju)單(dan)詞的(de)(de)音、形、義等(deng)特點,采取恰(qia)當的(de)(de)詞匯(hui)教(jiao)學(xue)方法,才能使(shi)學(xue)生不感到記(ji)單(dan)詞枯燥無味。

  1、運用趣(qu)味(wei)聯想(xiang)法。教(jiao)師(shi)在講單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)時要善于聯想(xiang),把(ba)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)講得(de)妙(miao)趣(qu)橫生(sheng),學生(sheng)能(neng)輕松地(di)(di)記(ji)住(zhu)所(suo)學的(de)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。如教(jiao)frightening 這個單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)進時,我(wo)先(xian)講名詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“fright”,其(qi)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)義(yi)為(wei)“驚恐”。我(wo)說:“發財(f)走正(right)路,心里不驚慌(fright)。”學生(sheng)聽后,開(kai)口大笑,學生(sheng)在笑聲中很輕而(er)易舉地(di)(di)把(ba)“fright”的(de)音(yin)(yin)、形(xing)、義(yi)全部掌握了(le)。再根據構詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法引出動詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)frighten, 形(xing)容詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)frightening 和frightened。如“pillow”的(de)諧音(yin)(yin)為(wei)“紕(pi)漏”,為(wei)了(le)使(shi)學生(sheng)記(ji)住(zhu)其(qi)意“枕頭”,我(wo)聯想(xiang)如下(xia):“為(wei)了(le)不出紕(pi)漏(pillow),他把(ba)文(wen)件藏在‘枕頭’下(xia)。”趣(qu)味(wei)聯想(xiang)法教(jiao)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),激發了(le)學生(sheng)記(ji)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)興趣(qu),使(shi)學生(sheng)能(neng)自(zi)主地(di)(di)記(ji)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。

  2、運用故事(shi)(shi),諺語(yu),繞口令,成語(yu),習語(yu)等方法(fa)。學生喜歡聽故事(shi)(shi),我(wo)經常講(jiang)(jiang)故事(shi)(shi)來講(jiang)(jiang)解單詞。比如(ru)學習Rome時,可以學諺語(yu)“when in Rome, do as the romes do(入鄉(xiang)隨俗)”; “All Roads lead to Rome(條(tiao)條(tiao)大(da)路通羅馬)”;“Rome was not built in one day(羅馬不(bu)是一(yi)天(tian)建成的)”讓學生先猜,然(ran)后講(jiang)(jiang)解。

  3、直觀形(xing)象(xiang)講(jiang)解法(fa)。教(jiao)師利用(yong)實物、圖(tu)片、掛圖(tu)、動作、表情(qing)等(deng)直觀手段講(jiang)解單詞(ci)(ci)(ci),學生對單詞(ci)(ci)(ci)記(ji)憶深刻。講(jiang)chest一詞(ci)(ci)(ci)時,我指著(zhu)chest部位,并用(yong)英語解釋:The front part of body between neck and stomach。

  4、圖示(shi)講(jiang)(jiang)解(jie)法。教師畫(hua)一(yi)些簡(jian)單的(de)卡通(tong)畫(hua)、簡(jian)筆畫(hua)來講(jiang)(jiang)解(jie)單詞(ci)(ci),學(xue)(xue)生覺得耳目一(yi)新,很樂意去(qu)接(jie)受新單詞(ci)(ci)。如講(jiang)(jiang)defenceless,我(wo)(wo)先畫(hua)一(yi)棟(dong)帶籬笆(ba)的(de)房(fang)子,并指著(zhu)籬笆(ba)問(wen):What’s this in English?學(xue)(xue)生回答:Fence。我(wo)(wo)緊接(jie)著(zhu)講(jiang)(jiang):fence是護家(jia)的(de)東西,防備(bei)(bei)其他人或(huo)動物進(jin)入。所以(yi),defence根(gen)據構詞(ci)(ci)法可知其義為(wei)(wei)“防備(bei)(bei),防御(yu)”,defenceless意為(wei)(wei)“無防備(bei)(bei)的(de)”。

  5.運用(yong)(yong)比較法(fa)。比如(ru)(ru)學(xue)到except時,把besides, beside,拿出來比較他們用(yong)(yong)法(fa)的(de)(de)不同,又如(ru)(ru)學(xue)到accept,拿出receive和它比較,使同學(xue)們知道了(le)(le)receive只是(shi)被動的(de)(de)收到,而accept是(shi)主動的(de)(de)接受。這樣有助于學(xue)生既(ji)增長詞匯又了(le)(le)解了(le)(le)詞的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)法(fa)。

  四、利用活動和練習來加強鞏固

  為(wei)(wei)了使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生對所學(xue)(xue)(xue)的關(guan)鍵詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯和短語能夠熟練(lian)使(shi)用,我(wo)們把每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元中(zhong)的關(guan)鍵詞(ci)(ci)(ci)和短語集(ji)中(zhong)起來,在教學(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)作為(wei)(wei)重點,同(tong)時還編寫了配套的單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元詞(ci)(ci)(ci)匯練(lian)習(xi),做到(dao)一(yi)(yi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元一(yi)(yi)練(lian)。采用單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)、游戲、講(jiang)故(gu)事等形式引(yin)發學(xue)(xue)(xue)生記(ji)憶單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的興(xing)趣(qu),掀起記(ji)憶單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)的小高(gao)(gao)潮,消滅千篇一(yi)(yi)律、枯燥乏味(wei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)一(yi)(yi)的模式。比(bi)如,每學(xue)(xue)(xue)完兩三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元進行一(yi)(yi)次全班單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai),可把全班分成(cheng)兩三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)大(da)組(zu),每組(zu)推選兩個(ge)(ge)同(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)到(dao)前面(mian)就寫在卡片上的單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)說英(ying)語釋義或與之(zhi)相關(guan)聯(lian)的句子,讓(rang)本組(zu)同(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)猜單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci),定時兩分鐘,說出(chu)最多者為(wei)(wei)勝。通常(chang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生都會(hui)(hui)為(wei)(wei)此積(ji)極(ji)準備,興(xing)趣(qu)濃厚,氣氛(fen)活躍,記(ji)憶效率高(gao)(gao)。再如在學(xue)(xue)(xue)到(dao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)private時,講(jiang)述新(xin)概念英(ying)語第二冊中(zhong)的This is a Private Conversation!這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)故(gu)事會(hui)(hui)讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生發笑并很容易在這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)語境中(zhong)領會(hui)(hui)記(ji)憶單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)。

  另(ling)外,我經(jing)常把一個單(dan)(dan)元的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)精心挑選并分類,要求(qiu)學生用(yong)所(suo)給的(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)匯(hui)(hui),發揮自己的(de)(de)(de)想(xiang)象力寫短文。英語成(cheng)績(ji)稍(shao)弱的(de)(de)(de)學生要求(qiu)用(yong)詞(ci)寫對話或復寫課(ke)文等達到所(suo)學詞(ci)匯(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)靈活運(yun)用(yong)。

  五、培養學生的自主學習詞匯的能力

  高(gao)(gao)中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)主要(yao)指學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)語(yu)言知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)和(he)運(yun)用進(jin)行(xing)(xing)聽、說、讀(du)、寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。這(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)中(zhong)當然包含學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)獨立學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。在(zai)以往(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong),我們(men)(men)總(zong)喜歡(huan)一攬到底:從(cong)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、新授到復習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),總(zong)是(shi)樣樣關心,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)怕有(you)什么遺漏(lou),這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)老(lao)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當家作(zuo)主造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)喪失了自(zi)主學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)被(bei)動而且(qie)效率(lv)低下,而且(qie)老(lao)師也(ye)很疲憊(bei)不堪(kan)。在(zai)我們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小課(ke)題研究中(zhong),要(yao)注重(zhong)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)自(zi)我學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。字(zi)典是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠進(jin)行(xing)(xing)獨立學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)行(xing)(xing)證,也(ye)是(shi)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)工(gong)具(ju),培(pei)(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根(gen)據(ju)自(zi)己(ji)對詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)解(jie)正確(que)使(shi)用詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)典是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)邁(mai)好(hao)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)自(zi)主學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一步。因此我引(yin)(yin)導學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)正確(que)利用這(zhe)(zhe)一工(gong)具(ju),我的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體做(zuo)法(fa)(fa)是(shi):在(zai)授新課(ke)之前(qian)我把(ba)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)表中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考綱(gang)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)列出來讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)分(fen)小組分(fen)任務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)單(dan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)預習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)過查字(zi)典不但(dan)可(ke)以弄懂該(gai)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)部分(fen)釋義(yi)(yi),還可(ke)以了解(jie)這(zhe)(zhe)個詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短語(yu)、用法(fa)(fa)注釋、同義(yi)(yi)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),反義(yi)(yi)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)等(deng)其(qi)他信息。這(zhe)(zhe)些也(ye)有(you)助(zhu)于使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對該(gai)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)有(you)一個更全面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感覺和(he)把(ba)握,有(you)助(zhu)于理(li)解(jie)該(gai)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)義(yi)(yi)和(he)各(ge)種(zhong)引(yin)(yin)申(shen)意義(yi)(yi),還可(ke)以拓寬知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)面,從(cong)語(yu)言的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)側面接觸外國政治(zhi)、經(jing)濟、文化、風(feng)俗(su)民情、重(zhong)要(yao)事件等(deng)等(deng)。有(you)了這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)前(qian)預習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)課(ke)上我們(men)(men)才會有(you)更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)和(he)機會用于詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)練習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)實踐,大(da)大(da)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了課(ke)堂教學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率(lv)。因此在(zai)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)匯(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)主學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)機制是(shi)個行(xing)(xing)之有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)。

  教無定(ding)法,為了提高(gao)學(xue)生的(de)英語(yu)(yu)水平,我們(men)必(bi)須下一(yi)些(xie)苦工(gong)夫去了解(jie)(jie)學(xue)生的(de)困難,針(zhen)對學(xue)生的(de)實際(ji)來(lai)設計符合學(xue)生實際(ji)的(de)教學(xue)方(fang)(fang)案,重(zhong)視(shi)學(xue)法方(fang)(fang)面的(de)指(zhi)導;同時,在訓練過程(cheng)中,還要根據進展情況中出現的(de)問題(ti),及時對訓練方(fang)(fang)案做必(bi)要的(de)調整(zheng),努力(li)擴大他(ta)們(men)的(de)詞匯量,并(bing)確保他(ta)們(men)能精確和透徹地理解(jie)(jie)他(ta)們(men)所學(xue)的(de)詞匯,能準確地使用這(zhe)些(xie)詞匯。一(yi)旦(dan)學(xue)生通過艱苦的(de)積累,掌(zhang)握了一(yi)定(ding)相當(dang)數量的(de)語(yu)(yu)言“磚瓦”——詞匯,學(xue)生將會理解(jie)(jie)并(bing)欣賞英語(yu)(yu)語(yu)(yu)言的(de)豐(feng)富多彩(cai),學(xue)生的(de)英語(yu)(yu)閱讀(du)理解(jie)(jie)能力(li)必(bi)將會上一(yi)個新臺階,他(ta)們(men)的(de)英語(yu)(yu)學(xue)習就(jiu)也(ye)將提高(gao)和進步。

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